Chemistry C3 1.5 Group 7 – the halogens.

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What happens when halogens react with metals to form compounds?
They all form ions (halide ions) with a single negative charge in their ionic compounds with metals.
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What happens when halogens react with other non-metals to form compounds?
They form molecules/covalent compounds (bond covalently) by sharing electrons with other non-metals.
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What happens if a more reactive halogen is added to a less reactive halogen salt solution?
A more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive halogen from a solution of one of its salts.
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What happens to the reactivity of the halogens going down the group?
Reactivity decreases.
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What are the halogens?
Non-metallic elements in Group 7 of the periodic table.
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How do the halogens exist?
They exist as small molecules made up of pairs of atoms.
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Describe the trend in the melting and boiling points of halogens.
They have low melting and boiling points that increase going down the group.
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What is fluorine like at room temperature?
It is a pale yellow gas.
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What is chlorine like at room temperature?
It is a green gas.
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What is bromine like at room temperature?
It is a red-brown liquid.
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What is iodine like at room temperature?
It is a grey solid, iodine easily vaporises to a violet gas.
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Why do all the halogens have low melting and boiling points?
They have small molecules (made up of pairs of atoms).
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How many electons do the halogens have in their highest occupied energy level (outermost shell)?
7.
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What is a more reactive halogen able to do?
Displace a less reactive halogen from an aqueous solution of a halide compound.
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How could you show that chlorine is more reactive than bromine?
Add chlorine (water) to a solution of potassium bromide (or other soluble bromide), bromine will be displaced.
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Why does the reactivity of the halogens decrease going down Group 7?
Because the attraction of the outer electrons to the nucleus decreases as the number of occupied energy levels (shells) increases.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What happens when halogens react with other non-metals to form compounds?

Back

They form molecules/covalent compounds (bond covalently) by sharing electrons with other non-metals.

Card 3

Front

What happens if a more reactive halogen is added to a less reactive halogen salt solution?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What happens to the reactivity of the halogens going down the group?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are the halogens?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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