Charged particles which can either be single atoms or groups of atoms
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What happens when Metals form Ions?
They lose electrons from their outer shell to form positive ions
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What happens when Non-Metals form Ions?
They gain electrons from their outer shells to form negative ions
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What happens when a Metal and Non-Metal react together?
The Metal atom loses electrons to form positively charged ions and the Non-Metal gains these electrons to form negatively charged ions
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What is an Ionic Bond?
When Oppositely Charged Ions are strongly attracted to eachother by electrostatic forces
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What do Dot and Cross Diagrams show?
The arrangement of electrons in an atom or ion
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What are the Properties of Ionic Compounds?
High melting and boiling points due to strong bonds between ions, Can't conduct electricity when solid but can when free to move, Dissolve in water
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What are Covalent Bonds?
When Non-Metal atoms
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What are the Properties of Simple Molecular Substances?
Held together by strong covalent bonds, forces of attraction between molecules are weak, Melting and Boiling points are low because molecules are easily parted, Don't conduct electricity
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What are Polymers?
Long chains of repeating units which are joined by strong covalent bonds
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What are examples of Giant Covalent Structures?
Diamond and Graphite
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What do the Carbon atoms in Diamond form?
Four Covalent Bonds in a rigid giant covalent structure
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What do the Carbon atoms in Graphite form?
Three covalent bonds to create layers of hexagons. Each carbon atom has one delocalised electron
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What are the Properties of Diamond?
High melting point due to strong covalent bonds, Doesn't conduct electricity because no free electrons
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What are the Properties of Graphite?
High melting point due to strong covalent bonds, Conducts electricity and thermal energy due to it having a delocalised electron
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What is Graphene?
One layer of Graphite
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What are Fullerenes?
Molecules of Carbon shaped like closed tubes or hollow tubes
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What is Metallic Bonding?
Chemical bonds that form Metals between Metals
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What are the Properties of Metals?
Solid at Room Temperature, Good conductors of electricity and heat, Malleable
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What are the 3 States of Matter?
Solid, Liquids and Gasses
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What are the 3 things that depends on how strong the forces are?
Material, Temperature, Pressure
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What happens when Metals form Ions?
Back
They lose electrons from their outer shell to form positive ions
Card 3
Front
What happens when Non-Metals form Ions?
Back
Card 4
Front
What happens when a Metal and Non-Metal react together?
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