Chemistry- Atoms and elements 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryAtoms and compoundsIGCSECIE Created by: KitsuneCreated on: 28-06-16 19:35 What is an atom? Smallest particle in nature that can't be broken down further by chemical means 1 of 24 What does an atom consist of? Protons, neutrons, electrons and electron shells 2 of 24 What is the number of protons called? Atomic number 3 of 24 What is the number of protons and neutrons called? Nucleon or mass number 4 of 24 What is an element? It is made from only one type of atom 5 of 24 What are isotopes? Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons 6 of 24 Why do isotopes have same chemical properties? They have the same number of outer shell electrons 7 of 24 What two types of isotopes are there? Radioactive and non-radioactive 8 of 24 Why are radioactive isotopes dangerous? They cause radiation sickness in big doses and cancer in small doses over a long period of time 9 of 24 Is decay a definite process No, it is random 10 of 24 How are radioactive isotopes used? IN INDUSTRY: to check for leans and as fuels in nuclear power stations IN MEDICINE: to cure cancer and to kill germs and bacteria 11 of 24 What is carbon dating? Our bodies contain carbon-14 which continues to decay after we die, so by measuring radioactivity from the body scientists can track its age 12 of 24 Where are the electrons arranged? In shells 13 of 24 How many electrons can each shell hold? 1st- 2, 2nd-8, 3rd-18 but fills up till 8 then 2 go to 4th then the rest of the 3rd fills up 14 of 24 What is the period number equal to? Number of shells 15 of 24 How are the outer shell electrons called? Valency electrons 16 of 24 What is the group number equals to? Number of valency electrons 17 of 24 Why do same group elements have similar reactions? Same number of valency electrons 18 of 24 Do Group 8 elements react? No, they have full outer shells so they are stable 19 of 24 About how many elements are metals? (%) 80% 20 of 24 What are the properties of metals High melting and boiling points, hard, strong ,conductors, shine, sonorous, malleable and ductile 21 of 24 What are the properties of non-metals? Low melting and boiling points, brittle, dull, break up if struck, don't conduct 22 of 24 What are some exceptions to the general properties of metals and non-metals? Hydrogen forms cations, carbon can be strong and can conduct, not all metals are strong and hard 23 of 24 What is the most widely used metal? Iron 24 of 24
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