The middle of an atom made of protons and neutrons.
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What charge and mass does a nucleus have?
A positive charge because of the protons , the whole mass is concentrated in the nucleus.
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What are electrons?
They move around the nucleus in electron shells, are negatively charged and have no mass.
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Why are atoms neutral?
The amount of protons is the same as electrons.
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Why does an ion have a charge?
Protons and electrons aren't equal so it has an overall charge.
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What is atmic number, mass number and how do you work out the number of neutrons?
Atomic number is the amount of protons in an atom. Mass number is is total number of protons and neutrons. Mass number - Atomic number = neutron count.
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What makes an atom an element?
If they have the same proton count.
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What is an isotope?
Different forms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
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How do you work out the relative atomic mass of an isotope?
Relative atomic mass = sum of ( isotope baundance x isotope mass number) // sum of abundances of all isotopes
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What is a compound?
When two or more elements are bonded by chemical bonds.
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How do you balance symbol equations?
Make sure there is the same amount of atoms on both sides of the arrow.
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How would you sepaerate iron and sulphur in a mixture?
Use a magnet to remove the iron and your left with the sulphur powder.
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How do you complete chromotography?
Draw a line on paper and a dot of ink further down. Place paper in the water above the line. Each spot will move at different rates showing how insoluble it is.
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How does filtration work?
Place a cone of filtration paper in a filter over a measuring jug. Por in the mixture and liquids will dissolve through.
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How does evaporation work?
Pour solution into evaporation dish and place over heat. Liquid will evaporate leaving you with dry crystals.
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How does crystallisation work?
Pour mixture into evapoartion dish. Leave dish to evaporate and crystals will form and become insoluble/ Filter the rystals out of the solution and dry them.
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How does distillation work?
Different liquids boil at different rates so boil a liquid and plce a tube from it with a condenser in. When it boils it will condense into a measuring jug.
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What is the electron shell rule?
Atom shells always try and fill the outer shell either by losing or gaining electrons.
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How are groups arranged in the periodic table?
By similar properties.
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What does a group number tell you?
How many electrons they have in their outer shell.
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What properties are most elements?
Metals
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Where can transitional metals be found?
Between group 2 and 3.
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What properties do group 1 elements have?
One electron in outer shell, Are alkali metals, Have increasing reactivity going down, Low melting and boiling points.
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What do alkali metals and non-metals form?
Ionic compounds.
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What are group 7 elements known as?
The Halogens
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What are the trends in group 7?
Less reactive, harder to gain electrons. Have high melting and boiling points.
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What two bonds can group 7 form?
Molecular compounds and ionic bonds with metals.
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What will displace within the halogens?
More reactive ones will displace less reactive ones.
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What is the key property in group 0 elements?
They are all colourless gases.
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What are the properties of group 0 gases?
Have full outer shells. They don;t react much at all. They are non-flammable.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What charge and mass does a nucleus have?
Back
A positive charge because of the protons , the whole mass is concentrated in the nucleus.
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