Chemistry - Alcohols 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryAcids, bases and saltsGCSEAQA Created by: LunaShomeiRoseCreated on: 18-02-19 20:39 Alcohols are organic molecules containing the __ functional group -OH 1 of 23 they have a similar structure to an alkane, but one H is replaced with OH. Do they still react similarly? no. the OH makes them react differently 2 of 23 alkanes have chemical formula CnH(2n+2). Alkenes have formula CnH2n. what formula do alcohol have? CnH(2n+1)OH 3 of 23 What suffix is used for alcohols? (e.g alkanes is -ane. alkenes are -ene) -anol (e.g ethanol) 4 of 23 what's a non-renewable way we can make ethanol? (main part of alcoholic drinks) react ethene and steam 5 of 23 to do this, we need a catalyst and (low/high?) temperatures high - around 300 degrees 6 of 23 we get the ethene from cracking crude oil. why is this a problem? crude oil is non-renewable so will run out - makes ethene also non-renewable 7 of 23 what are the advantages of this method? we can produce lots of ethanol relatively cheaply 8 of 23 what renewable method can we use to make ethanol? fermentation (breakdown) of sugars using yeast 9 of 23 in this method, what breaks up the sugarst? enzymes from yeast break down the sugars 10 of 23 where is the sugar from? plant material - glucose 11 of 23 what temperature and pressures are required for this method? room temp and no pressure 12 of 23 why is this method renewable? we're using glucose from plant material that can just be regrown 13 of 23 complete: Glucose --> ethanol + ____ CO2 14 of 23 what's the problem with this method? produces low yield 15 of 23 Why can't too much ethanol be produced? too much would kill the yeast 16 of 23 what can the ethanol be used for directly? alcoholic drinks 17 of 23 what can it be used for through fractional distillation? biofuels, solvents, spirits (stronger alcholic drinks) 18 of 23 why are alcohols idea for solvents? they have presence from both polar (-OH) and non-polar groups (hydrocarbons) 19 of 23 Why are alcohols a good fuel? fully combusts, only forming CO2 and water 20 of 23 because they combust completely, alcohols are also useful as b___ biofuels 21 of 23 alcohols react similarly with metals as water. true? yes - only instead of a hydroxide being formed, an ethoxide will form 22 of 23 alcohols can be oxidised to form... carboxylic acid 23 of 23
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