Chemistry

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What is an element?
An element is a material or gas. All the atoms are the same. eg Gold (Au)
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What is a compound?
A compound is two elements that are chemically combined in a fixed proportion. eg Hydrogen and Oxygen = Water (H2O)
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What is a mixture?
A mixture is a combinations of elements that are not chemically joined together. If you wish to separate a mixture into the various compounds or elements then physical techniques rather than chemical reactions are used, eg distillation, cystalisation
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What is an electron?
An electron has one negative charge and has hardly any mass.
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What is a proton?
A proton has one positive charge and a mass of one unit.
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What is a neutron?
A neutron has no electrical charge and has a mass unit of one.
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What is a reactant?
A substance that takes part and undergoes change during a reaction. eg Magnesium and water
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What is a product?
Products are the outcome of a chemical reaction. eg Magnesium+Water=Hydrogen (Hydrogen is the product of the reaction between the two elements)
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Filtration
Separates insolubles from soluble substances.
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Soluble
A substance that does dissolve.
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Crystallisation
Used to obtain a soluble substance from a solution
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Distillation
Separates substances with different boiling points.
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Insoluble
A substance that does not dissolve.
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Isotopes
Atoms of the same element with different numbers are called isotopes. Isotopes have the same atomic number but a different mass number.
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Why do elements react?
The reason elements react is so they can become stable. eg Sodium donates its spare electron to chlorine making them both become stable, resulting in a new product Sodium Chloride.
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Ion
An ion is an atom or a group of atoms that has an electrical charge either positive or negative.
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Displacement reaction
A displacement reaction is where a more reactive reactant takes the place of a less reactive reactant in a chemical reaction. eg AB + C --> AC + B
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a compound?

Back

A compound is two elements that are chemically combined in a fixed proportion. eg Hydrogen and Oxygen = Water (H2O)

Card 3

Front

What is a mixture?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is an electron?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is a proton?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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