Chemistry 1.2 Atomic structure.

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What is a nucleus?
It is the centre of an atom.
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What is the nucleus of an atom made of?
Protons and neutrons.
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What charge do protons have?
A positive charge.
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What charge do neutrons have?
Neutrons are not charged, therefore they are neutral.
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What is an atomic number?
It is the proton number of an element and is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of its atoms.
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How are elements arranged in the periodic table?
In order of their atomic numbers.
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What is a mass number?
It is the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
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What are protons and neutrons?
They are the two types of particle contained in the nucleus of an atom.
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What charge do electrons have?
They have a negative charge.
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What are electrons?
They are negatively charged particles that move around the nucleus.
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Why are atoms neutral?
An atom has no overall charge because its number of protons equal its number of electrons, and their charges are equal and opposite (proton+1 and election -1).
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How many protons, neutrons and electrons are there in an atom of aluminium (atomic number 13, mass number 27)?
Atomic number = proton number therefore there are 13 protons. Mass number = neutrons + protons, therefore neutrons = mass number (27) - protons (13) = neutrons = 14.
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Card 2

Front

What is the nucleus of an atom made of?

Back

Protons and neutrons.

Card 3

Front

What charge do protons have?

Back

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Card 4

Front

What charge do neutrons have?

Back

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Card 5

Front

What is an atomic number?

Back

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