Chemical changes

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what is the pH of an acid?
Less than 7
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what is the pH of an alkali?
more than 7
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What is the pH of a base?
7 which is neutral
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What colour is methyl orange in acid? What about in an alkali? What about in a base?
In an acid, methyl orange is red, and in alkali and base it's yellow
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What colour is phenolphthalein in acids? What about in an alkali?What about in a base?
phenolphthalein is colourless in acids and bases, and its pink in alkali.
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What colour is litmus in acids? what about in alkali? What about in a base?
Litmus is red in acids, it's purple in base and blue in alkali.
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What ion is found in acids?
H+ (hydrogen cation)
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What ion is found in alkali?
OH- (hydroxide anions)
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What is another word for 'ionise'?
Dissociate
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What is the difference between strong and weak acids?
Strong acids dissociate completely whereas weak acids partially dissociate.
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What is formed during a neutralisation reaction?
A salt
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What is the product of "Acid + metal oxide"?
Salt + water
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What is the product of "Acids + metal hydroxide"?
Salt + water
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What is the product of "Acid + metal carbonate"?
Salt + carbon dioxide + water
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What is the product of "Acid + metal"?
Salt + hydrogen
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Common compounds of what are soluble?
Sodium, potassium, nitrate and ammonium.
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Are common chlorides soluble or insoluble and what are the exceptions?
Common compounds of chloride are soluble except silver chloride and lead chloride.
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Are common sulfates soluble or insoluble? what are the excepions?
Common sulfates are soluble except lead sulfate, barium sulfate and calcium sulfate?
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Are common carbonates and hydroxides soluble or insoluble? What are the exceptions?
Common carbonates and hydroxides are inslouble except sodium, potassium and ammonium ones.
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What reactants would you need to produce copper sulfate?
copper/copper oxide/copper carbonate/copper hydroxide + sulfuric acid
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Describe the steps to make pure, dry copper sulfate.(Part 1)
1. Add Sulfuric acid into a beaker. 2. Heat acid on Bunsen burner 3. Add excess base. 4. Filter the solution (to remove excess base) 5. place solution on evaporating dish and heat it gently (over the steam of boiling water)
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Part 2 describe the steps to make pure dry copper sulfate (soluble salt)
6. Dry crystallised copper sulfate on filter paper. TADAA beautiful copper sulfate.
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Why do you heat the acid?
to increase the rate of reaction/
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What is the point of adding excess sulfuric acid?
To complete dissociate the acid.
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what type of salt would be formed with sulfuric acids?
A sulfate
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What type of salt would be fomred with nitric acid?
A nitrate
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What type of salt would be formed with phosphoric acid?
A phosphate.
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What type of salt would be formed with Hydrochloric acid?
a Chloride
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Describe the steps to make insoluble salts
Mix two dissolved soluble salts in a beaaker. Filter solution. Add distilled water to make sure that there only the insoluble salt. Scrape the insoluble salt in clean filter paper and let it dry in oven or desiccator.
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How do you know when hydrogen is present?
a lighted wooden splint will make a "squeaky pop" if there's hydrogen in a test tube.
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what is the test for carbon dioxide gas?
It will turn cloudy/milky in limewater
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is the pH of an alkali?

Back

more than 7

Card 3

Front

What is the pH of a base?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What colour is methyl orange in acid? What about in an alkali? What about in a base?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What colour is phenolphthalein in acids? What about in an alkali?What about in a base?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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