Chechen Wars

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Up until when was Chechnya a Soviet controlled territory?
1991
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Why were Chechen's deported by Stalin?
They collaborated with the Nazi's during WW2
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Who allowed Chechen's back into Russia and what happened to them?
Khrushchev and they were discriminated against
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When did Chechnya declare its independence?
1991
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Why did Russia and Yeltsin want to invade Chechnya?
They feared that a state declaring independence would lead to a domino effect. They also wanted their oil supply
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What spilled into Russia with the collapse of the Chechen economy?
Drug trafficking and lawlessness
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When did Russia invade Chechnya?
December 27th 1994
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What influenced Russia's tactics in the First Chechen War?
The Soviet Doctrine
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Why were the Russian tactics in the First Chechen War flawed?
The Soviet Doctrine wasn't made for mountainous combat
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What were the two principles used about cities in the First Chechen War?
If a city was defended, leave it. If a city wasn't defended, march and take it
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Because of the Russian tactics in the First Chechen War, which city did the Russian's struggle with?
Grozny
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What WW2 lessons did the Russians forget?
The defender has the advantage, there needs to be 4 attackers for every 1 defender
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What did the Russian's not understand about cities in the First Chechen War?
The need to starve defenders and perform reconnaissance
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How many urban commanders did Russia have during the First Chechen War?
Only 30
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What was Russia's only specialized urban unit during the First Chechen War?
A small Spetsnaz Unit, however it was for anti-terror, not invasion
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How long were the Chechen's prepared to defend a city for in the First Chechen War?
4 months, split into sectors
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How did the Chechen's fight in the First Chechen War?
They used guerrilla tactics; use of tunnels, 3 rings of city defense and anti-tank positions
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Why did the Chechen's have advantages with communications in the First Chechen War?
They could listen to Russian comms, but then use their own language
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How did the Chechen soldiers shoot in the First Chechen War?
They shot to wound as to draw out other Russian soldiers
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How did the Chechen's gain international support?
They allowed journalists into their country and Russia didn't know how to deal with free press
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How many Chechen's awaited the inadequate trained and number of Russians upon invasion?
60,000
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How many vehicles did Russia lose in 1 day?
100
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How many casualties did Russia sustain in 1 month?
1,500
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What did the First Chechen War spiral into?
A series of human rights abuses
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Why did the Russian population stop supporting the war effort?
The media was uncontrolled and nothing was filtered or censored
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When was the ceasefire and how many casualties had arisen by this point?
1996; 100,000 casualties with 80,000 being civilian
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What was Chechnya doing preceding the Second Chechen War?
Raiding Dagestan and kidnapping/killing thousands of ethnic Russians
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What did Russia do about Chechnya regarding its violence to Dagestan?
It sealed the borders
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Why was the Russian population open to war with Chechnya?
Russian had been victim to many terror attacks from Muslim terrorists
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How did Putin present the invasion of Chechnya?
As an anti-terror campaign so that he could control the narrative of the invasion
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How did Chechnya as an anti-terror campaign effect Russian soldiers?
It helped morale as the soldiers were defending Russia
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What was the deciding factor for an invasion of Chechnya?
The 1999 bombings of an apartment in Moscow, though it was debatable that Chechnya was responsible
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What did Putin do regarding the Chechen clans?
Gained their support so that they would create private armies and start a pro-Russia insurgency
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What was Putin's policy regarding media?
He restricted the flow of information out of Chechnya and advised foreign journalists to stay away
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How did Putin's media policies effect Chechnya?
They became seen as a terrorist state and the rebels lost support
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How did Russia control the casualty totals?
15% of the Russian army were mercenaries so their casualties weren't counted for the Russian ones
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How did Russia learn from the First Chechen War?
They avoided urban combat and only engaged in winnable situations, this robbed the Chechen's the ability to choose their fights
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What did Russia make use of in the Second Chechen War?
Their massive fire power, this made it difficult for the rebels to hold cities such as Grozny
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How did Russia's fire power effect cities such as Grozny?
They were effectively leveled, the rebels could no longer use tunnels
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Why were guerrilla tactics harder in the Second Chechen War?
The population had fled which meant the rebels couldn't blend with civilians
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By when had most Chechen's stopped supporting the war?
By 2000
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When did Russia finally take Grozny?
February 2000
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When the rebels lost Grozny where did they flee and how did this effect them?
To the mountains, but they failed to raise any support from the Chechen's
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By when was Russia in direct control of Chechnya?
May 2000
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why were Chechen's deported by Stalin?

Back

They collaborated with the Nazi's during WW2

Card 3

Front

Who allowed Chechen's back into Russia and what happened to them?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

When did Chechnya declare its independence?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why did Russia and Yeltsin want to invade Chechnya?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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