Charlton et al. (A2 Edexcel Psychology) 3.5 / 5 based on 2 ratings ? PsychologyA2/A-levelEdexcel Created by: SuzanneCreated on: 15-01-13 12:24 What theory does this study link to? Social Learning Theory 1 of 27 Where was it set? St. Helena 2 of 27 Why? Television had not been introduced there until 1995 3 of 27 What was the aim? To investigate the effects of television on children's behaviour, in particular if it affected pro-social and anti-social behaviour 4 of 27 What type of experiment is it? Natural 5 of 27 What experimental design was it? Cross-sectional 6 of 27 Where was behaviour observed? School playgrounds 7 of 27 What were the 4 categorised pro-social behaviour? Kind gestures or verbal comments/sharing, turn taking, or helping one another/displaying affection or consoling others/holding hands or arm in arm 8 of 27 What were the 4 categorised anti-social behaviour? Unkind gestures or verbal comments/kicking, punching, or hitting/seizing or damaging property/non-compliant holding or forcing 9 of 27 What was the age range of participants? 3-8 year old 10 of 27 How many schools were involved? 2 11 of 27 How long before did the first observation take place before the introduction of television? 4 months prior (In March 1995) 12 of 27 When did the second observation take place? 5 years after the introduction of television 13 of 27 How was behaviour observed? Video recorders were set up around the playgrounds 14 of 27 How long was the period of observation at a time? 2 weeks 15 of 27 Who watched the video footage? Independent researchers in the UK 16 of 27 How was behaviour measured? They tallied how many times the children displayed the stated behaviours 17 of 27 Why do the results have inter-rater reliability? Because 2 researchers watched the same footage and only the agreed tallied behaviours were recorded in results 18 of 27 In the results, how many comparisons were made? 64 19 of 27 How many were actually statistically significant? 9 20 of 27 How many showed decreases in anti-social behaviour amonst boys? 2 21 of 27 How many showed increases in pro-social behaviour in both boys and girls? 5 22 of 27 How many showed decreases in pro-social behaviour in boys? 2 23 of 27 What did boys tend to do less of after television was introduced? Display less hitting and pushing and less willing to help or show affection 24 of 27 What significantly increased in both genders overall? Pro-social behaviour 25 of 27 What were the conclusions? The introduction of television had no negative effect on children's behaviour; it shows longer term effects and contradicts most laboratory research 26 of 27 What was often criticised about Charlton's study as it probably had a significant impact on results? The television in St Helena's was censored and nothing aggressive or violent was shown on any programmes 27 of 27
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