Charities– Differences between charities, charitable trusts and private trusts

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  • Created by: Edward
  • Created on: 07-04-17 23:28
Dingle v Turner (1972)
Lord Cross: these privileges enjoyed by charitable trusts were of ‘two quite difference sorts’ – privileges as to their essential validity, and financial privileges through exemption from some forms of taxation
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Morice v Bishop of Durham (1804)
For a trust to be valid it must have a human beneficiary by whom the trust can be enforced
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Leahy v Attorney General of New South Wales (1959)
Viscount Simonds: ‘”a gift can be made to persons (including a corporation) but not to a purpose or an object”
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Re Astor’s Settlement Trusts (1952)
Courts struck down private purpose trust benefitting: preservation of the independence of newspapers
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Re Endacott (1960)
Courts struck down private purpose trust benefitting: the provision of some useful monument to myself
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Re Shaw (1957)
Courts struck down private purpose trust promoting a new 40-letter alphabet
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PAA 2009, s 2(3)
excepts from the rule gifts from one charity to another
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Re Tyler (1891)
Here, T left £42,000 of stock to LMS, with condition that they were to maintain his family vault; if condition was broken, there was a gift over in favour of the BCS; the gift over did not render the gift void for perpetuity, even though it could con
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Inheritance Tax Act 1984, ** 23 and 76
gifts to charities are exempt from inheritance tax
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Income Tax Act 2007, ** 413-430
charities also benefit from Gift Aid donations, whereby the charity can reclaim the basic rate of tax on the gift
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Local Government Finance Act 1988, s 43(5)
there is an 80% exemption from non-domestic rates on properties they occupy
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Scott v National Trust (1998)
Walker J: some charities may even enjoy financial privileges; e.g. here, the trust, which was est’d by statute was a charity ‘whose special place in the affairs of the nation has been recognised by tax exemptions and reliefs going well beyond those a
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Card 2

Front

For a trust to be valid it must have a human beneficiary by whom the trust can be enforced

Back

Morice v Bishop of Durham (1804)

Card 3

Front

Viscount Simonds: ‘”a gift can be made to persons (including a corporation) but not to a purpose or an object”

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Courts struck down private purpose trust benefitting: preservation of the independence of newspapers

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Courts struck down private purpose trust benefitting: the provision of some useful monument to myself

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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