It was formulated out of of a fear that democracy and capitalism were threatened in counrties such as Greece, Italy and France.
1 of 17
What was a main goal for USA in terms of economic involvement?
There was strategic planning focused on ecnomic recovery for Western Europe.
2 of 17
By 1947, what did the USA promote in Europe?
The USA promoted unity within Europe, to help created a stbale bloc of pro-American states.
3 of 17
What did American policy-makers was a threat to Western Europe and the USA?
They determined that failing European economices presented a threat to the stabiltiy of Westerm Europe snd US economic interests.
4 of 17
How did the USA think it could be solved and how did they start this process?
The USA wanted to focus on restoring the European economy and in June 1947, the US Secretary of State, George Marshall, revelaed his European Recovery Plan.
5 of 17
What was the theoretical outlook of the Marshall plan and what was the main priority?
Theoretically, the aid promised under the Marshall Plan was available to all of Europe but the main motive was the need ti preserve the stabilty of Western Europe.
6 of 17
What else did the USA hoped would come with the strengthening of European economies?
It would weaken the attraction of communism and the influence of the USSR.
7 of 17
Between 1947-52, how much did the Marshall Plan provide to Europe and where did it mainky go?
It porvided $13.5 billion to 16 countries in Europe with most of it going to Britain and France.
8 of 17
What were the terms of the Marshall plan?
-Open to all European countries (including USSR) -Financial aid would be provided with the conditions that some goods be purchased from the USA. -Countries that joined would be part of the Organisation of European Economic Cooperation.
9 of 17
What were the Soviet perceptions?
-They vieweed it as American imperialism and an attempt to undermine Soviet control in Eastern Europe and Stalin did not want Eastern European counrties to acceot. He believed the countries would fall under influence of Western capitalist countries.
10 of 17
What were the Soviet reactions?
-In July 1947, the USSR rejcted any participation in the Marshall Plan. -Soviet minister Vyshinsky denounced US actions in the UN.
11 of 17
What happened to the Eastern Europe countries that expressed interest in the Marshall Plan?
They were ordered by Stalin to reverse their decisions.
12 of 17
What did the USSR form to push back US imperialism?
Cominform in September 1947.
13 of 17
What was set up in 1949?
The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance to establish socialist economic bloc.
14 of 17
What were some of the US approaches to Germany and Berlin?
-Keep Germany weak. -Avoid creating dangerous instability; the US opposed Soviet plans for large-scale reparations to be taken from Germany and wanted stability for economic recovery. -Wanted to stop the USSR from establishing dominance.
15 of 17
How did USA show their intentions of staying clear from the USSR?
They didn't want to give up Berlin and they moved away from unifying Germany incase it became communist. Stalin's idea to create a neutral, demilitarised Germany was rejected.
16 of 17
What did USA and Britain do that the USSR saw as a hostile act?
On the 1st of Jan 1947, the US and British occupation zones were merged into one zone, creating Bizonia. A new currency was created in June 1948 to be used in the Western zones of Germany/Berlin. West Germany was also in the Marshall Plan
17 of 17
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What was a main goal for USA in terms of economic involvement?
Back
There was strategic planning focused on ecnomic recovery for Western Europe.
Card 3
Front
By 1947, what did the USA promote in Europe?
Back
Card 4
Front
What did American policy-makers was a threat to Western Europe and the USA?
Back
Card 5
Front
How did the USA think it could be solved and how did they start this process?
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