Chapter 20 - Organisms and their environment 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyChapter 20 - Organisms and their environmentIGCSECIE Created by: E456Created on: 22-03-17 11:31 ecology the study of the interaction between living organisms and their environment 1 of 22 habitat the area where an organism lives 2 of 22 population a group of organisms of one species, living in the same area at the same time 3 of 22 ecosystem a unit containing all of the organisms and their environment, interacting together, in a given area e.g. decomposing log or a lake 4 of 22 community all of the populations of different species in an ecosystem 5 of 22 niche the way in which an organism lives its life in an ecosystem 6 of 22 food chain a diagram showing the flow of energy from one organism to the next beginning with a producer 7 of 22 food web a network of interconnected food chains 8 of 22 producer an organism that makes its own organic nutrients, usually using energy from sunlight, through pho 9 of 22 consumer an organism that gets its energy by feeding on other organisms 10 of 22 herbivore an animal that gets its energy by eating plants 11 of 22 carnivore an animal that gets its energy by eating other animals 12 of 22 trophic level the position of an organism in a food chain, food web or pyramid of biomass or numbers 13 of 22 decomposer an organism that gets its energy from dead or waste organic matter 14 of 22 nitrogen fixation changing nitrogen gas into a more reactive form 15 of 22 nitrifying bacteria a group of bacteria which turn ions into nitrates 16 of 22 denitrifying bacteria a group of bacteria which turn nitrates and ammonia in the soil into nitrogen gas, which is released into the atmosphere 17 of 22 lag phrase at the beginning of the experiment, when the population is adjusting to the new conditions 18 of 22 log phrase rapid growth in the experiment 19 of 22 stationary phrase when the experiment stops growing and levels off 20 of 22 death phrase when the death rate exceeds the birth rate in the experiment 21 of 22 limiting factor the factor that stops the population from getting any larger 22 of 22
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