Chapter 2 - Political developments under Gladstone and Disraeli

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What was the liberal party combined with
Whigs, Liberals, Radicals and Peelites.
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Who did Whigs traditionally belong to?
Powerful old aristocratic landowners.
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Who are the Whigs generally supportive of?
The noncomformists
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What did Whigs begin to do?
They started disassociating themselves from the aristocracy and started calling themselves Liberals.
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Where were Liberals normally from (background)
Middle-class business and commercial backgrounds or were lawyers and professional men.
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When had the Middle-class come into parliament?
After the 1832 reform act
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What did the Liberals believe in?
Free trade - freedom of press and religious freedom.
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What groups did many of them belong to?
Dissenters / nonconformists (from a non established church)`
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Who did the peelites begin to vote with?
The Whigs
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Where were most of the Peelites from?
Wealthy industrial and commercial backgrounds
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Who was considered a leading Peelite?
William Gladstone
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Who were the Parliamentary Radicals?
They were free-thinking middle-class individuals who wanted change in social order.
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Who did the radicals oppose?
The landowning classes and the privileged position of the church of England as the established church.
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What did the Radicals want?
An extension of the franchise, the removal of government restrictions and free trade.
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Who did the Radicals associate themselves with?
The liberals
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Who was the most influential Radical?
John Bright
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When did William Gladstone become leader of the Liberal party
1866.
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What did Gladstone believe in?
Peace, Retrenchment (cutting back in government spending) and reform.
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How did Gladstone believe peace could help
If peace could be held with other nations this would enable trade and industry to develop hindered by the disruptions of war.
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What did Gladstone want to happen
He wanted income tax to be abolished.
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What did the liberals think about taxation
depriving people of the freedom to spend their money as they wished.
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What is Laissez Faire?
The doctrine that the state should not interfere in the workings of the economy.
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What three Political philosophers were the Liberals influenced by?
Stuart Mill, Jeremy Bentham and Walter Bagehot.
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What did they believe in?
Liberty and freedom of the individual and religious tolerance.
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Where did the majority of support for the Liberals come from?
Towns and Boroughs
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Who lived in the urban centres
they were full of prosperous middle-class men of commerce and industry
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What did they think of the Labour Party
They thought that the Liberal Party reflected their aspirations and values.
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What did they do after the 1867 reform act.
Because they got the vote they helped keep the liberals in power for almost 20 years.
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What newspaper had dominated the press
The London Press
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Who started to take more of a role in the press?
Most of this new press was liberal in terms of ownership,wmployess and readership.
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What new Newspapers were made?
The Newcastle chronicle
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How did this help the Liberal Party?
The Newcastle Chronic could influence large amounts of people in the North-East of England and were of considerable benefit to the Liberals.
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What were Craft Unions?
A trade union of people of the same skilled craft.
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What type of people did the Liberal party support?
Engineers and boilermakers.
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Where did these people class themselves in the working class
They regarded themselves the elite of the Working class and sought to improve their situation through self-help.
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What did Non-comformists want?
They wanted to achieve equal treatment with the church of England.
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Who was this campaign led by.
Liberation society
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How much as a percentage was the church -going population nonconformist?
50%
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How did nonconformists vote?
They mainly voted Liberal and the liberals helped to confirm a solid vote from the nonconformists.
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What was a main problem for the conservatives at this point?
They were trying to regain popularity after the repeal of the corn laws and they didn't have anyone particularly strong to lead the party apart from ________
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What wad different about Disraeli
He came from a poor background and his family were Jewish.
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When did Derby retire
1868
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What happened then?--
Disraeli briefly became Prime Minister
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What was Disraeli's idea on how to win the support of the electorate.
Present them with new policies.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Who did Whigs traditionally belong to?

Back

Powerful old aristocratic landowners.

Card 3

Front

Who are the Whigs generally supportive of?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What did Whigs begin to do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Where were Liberals normally from (background)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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