Solid- Below melting point. Liquid- Between melting and boiling point. Gas- Above melting point
3 of 25
What is the diagram for each state?
(Page 49 diagram)
4 of 25
What is nanoscience? What are nanoparticles?
Nanoscience is simply the study of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles as structures sized between 1 and 100nm and typically contain a few hundred atoms.
5 of 25
Nanoparticles are a relatively new discovery. What are some of their current uses?
They are used in/for: fuel, targeting drugs to specific cells, sun cream, cosmetics, clothing, deodorants and some electronics.
6 of 25
How do they behave in comparison to a bulk material? Why?
They have very different properties and uses. They are so different because where they are smaller, more atoms are on the surface of the particle.
7 of 25
What is a particle?
A minute portion of matter.
8 of 25
What is the name given to an ionic structure?
An ionic lattice.
9 of 25
What is the structure of an ionic substance? What is it made up of? What is each ion attracted to?
It is constructed in a giant lattice. There are both positive and negative ions. Each ion is attracted to anh ion around it of opposing charge.
10 of 25
What is the force that attracts the ions together? The force is so strong that they are _____ at ____ temperature?
Electrostatic forces. The bond is so strong that all ionic lattice structures are solid at room temperature.
11 of 25
What are the properties of ionic substances? Why?
High melting/boiling points (as of strong bonds), no electrical conductivity (as all electrons are fixed) and electrical conductivity when dissolved (as electrons can now move).
12 of 25
Define 'ionic bonding':
The electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions.
13 of 25
What is a covalent bond? What sort of substances do this? Why?
When two shared electrons join atoms. For example a Group 1 and Group 7 atom as when bonded they can both have a full outer shell.
14 of 25
Define 'molecule':
A particle made from atoms joined together by covalent bonds.
15 of 25
What is the structure of a molecular substance like?
It is made of many unbonded, identical molecules; there are some weak intermolecular forces however.
16 of 25
What are the properties of a molecular substance? Why?
Low melting/boiling point (as of weak intermolecular forces) and they have no electrical conductivity (as they are electrically neutral).
17 of 25
What is the structure of a giant covalent structure? How is it joined together?
It is a large atomic structure joined together by covalent bonds.
18 of 25
What are some examples of giant covalent structures?
Gold, graphite and diamond.
19 of 25
What are the properties of giant covalent substances? Why?
High melting/boiling points (as of lots of strong bonds) and no electrical conductivity (as of lots of strong bonds).
20 of 25
What is a metallic bond?
It is the attraction between the nucleus of metal atoms and delocalised electrons.
21 of 25
What are the properties of mettalic substances? Why?
High melting/boiling point (as of strong bonds), good electrical conductivity (as of delocalised electrons throughout the structure), good thermal conductivity (as of delocalised electrons throughout the structure) and they are also very malleable.
22 of 25
How are metallic substances malleable?
Because layers an easily slide over each other while maintaining the bonds.
23 of 25
What is an alloy?
A mixture of metal with small amunts of other elements, usually other metals.
24 of 25
Why are alloys so strong?
Because atoms are different sizes so it is harder for atoms to move (they interlock in a way).
Comments
No comments have yet been made