Chapter 2

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The scientific method allows us to determine the .... of natural phenomena
Causes
1 of 17
What are the three basic forms of scientific research?
Naturalistic observations, experiments and correlational studies
2 of 17
Hypotheses are statements or predictions made on the basis of ...
Naturalistic observations, previous experiments or from formal theories
3 of 17
What is an independent groups design?
Where the individuals in one group are not the same as those in the other
4 of 17
What is a repeated measures design?
Where the same individuals take part in all conditions of the experiment
5 of 17
An ... variable is an event, factor that is manipulated by the experimenter; the ... variable is the quantity measured in an experiment (and is ... to be influence by the ... variable)
Independent, dependent, hypothesised, independent
6 of 17
To perform an experiment, a scientist alters the ... of the independent variable and measures ... in the dependent variable
Value, changes
7 of 17
A psychologist must specify the .... that they will perform to manipulate the ... variable and to measure the ... variable
Particular operations, independent, dependent
8 of 17
Operational definitions are a necessary part of the procedure by which a ... is tested
Hypothesis
9 of 17
They can also eliminate .... by giving ...to the hypothesis, making its meaning absolutely ... to other scientists
Confusion, concrete form, clear
10 of 17
... is the degree to which an operational definition produces a particular value of an independent variable or measures the value of a dependent variable
Validity
11 of 17
... refers to the consistency and precision of an operational definition
Reliability
12 of 17
Researchers achieve high reliability by carefully ... the conditions of their studies and by ensuring that ... are followed ...
Controlling, procedures, correctly
13 of 17
Measurement involving subjectivity requires researchers to seek high ...
Inter-rater reliability
14 of 17
When designing an experiment, experimenters ensure that they control ... variables that may ... their results.
Extraneous, confound
15 of 17
If an extra variable is ... and if this extra variable has an effect on the ..., then the results of the experiment will be ...
Inadvertently manipulated, dependent variable, invalid
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Confounding of subject variables can be caused by improperly ... participants to ... or by ... that cause some participants to ... the experiment
Assigning, groups, treatments, leave
17 of 17

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What are the three basic forms of scientific research?

Back

Naturalistic observations, experiments and correlational studies

Card 3

Front

Hypotheses are statements or predictions made on the basis of ...

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is an independent groups design?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is a repeated measures design?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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