Chapter 1b Keywords 4.0 / 5 based on 4 ratings ? Physical EducationRespiratory systemGCSEAQA Created by: Zenna EvershedCreated on: 12-01-18 10:18 Trachea (or windpipe) Carries air from the mouth and nose to the lungs 1 of 22 Bronchi Carries air from the trachea into the lungs 2 of 22 Bronchioles Carry air from the bronchi to the alveoli 3 of 22 Lungs Pair of large, spongy organs optimised for gas exchange between our blood and the air 4 of 22 Alveoli Many tiny air sacs in the lungs which allow for rapid gaseous exchange 5 of 22 Haemoglobin The red pigment found in red blood cells 6 of 22 Oxyhaemoglobin Formed when oxygen combines with haemoglobin 7 of 22 Abdominal muscles The muscles which help force air out of the lungs and so speed up expiration 8 of 22 Tidal volume The volume of air breathed in (or out) during a breath at rest 9 of 22 Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) The additional air that can be forcibly exhaled after the expiration of a normal tidal volume 10 of 22 Inspiratory reserve volume(IRV) The additional air that can be forcibly inhaled after the inspiration of a normal ridal volume 11 of 22 Residual volume The volume of air that remains in the lungs after a maximal expiration 12 of 22 Artery Blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart 13 of 22 Vein Blood vessel carrying blood towards the heart 14 of 22 Capillaries Very thin blood vessels that allow gas exchange to happen 15 of 22 Vasoconstriction Reducing the diameter of small arteries to reduce blood flow to tissues 16 of 22 Vasolidation Increasing the diameter of small arteries to increase blood flow to tissues 17 of 22 Atria Upper chambers of the heart that collect blood from veins 18 of 22 Ventricles Lower chambers of the heart which pump blood out of the heart to the arteries 19 of 22 Cardiac cycle Sequence of events that occur when the heart beats 20 of 22 Systole Term used to describe the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle 21 of 22 Diastole Term used to describe the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle 22 of 22
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