less volatile,high mp,as chain increases,influence of OH group decreases, solubility decreases. Highly soluble in water, polar O-H bond, very weak london forces, high strength in H bonds
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primary alcohols
OH attached to a carbon atom, that is attached to 2 H atoms and one alkyl group
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secondary alcohols
OH attached to a carbon atom that is attached to one H atom and 2 alkyl groups.
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tertiary alcohols
OH attached to a carbon atom that is attached to 3 alkyl groups.
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substitution reactions with alcohols
hydrogen halides ->haloalkanes, reflux with H2SO4 and sodium halide
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dehydration with alcohols
reflux-H2SO4 or H3PO4-elimination reaction forming cyclohexene
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oxidation of primary alcohols
form aldehydes with K2CR2O7/H2SO4 under distillation or carboxylic acids with an excess of O , K2CR2O7/H2SO4 under reflux turn orange to green
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oxidation of secondary alcohols
form a ketone under reflux with K2CR2O7/H2SO4 turn orange to green
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combustion of alcohols
burn completely in a plentiful supply of oxygen, exothermic
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
primary alcohols
Back
OH attached to a carbon atom, that is attached to 2 H atoms and one alkyl group
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