Changing population

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When did global population start to increase?
1900 (Industrial revolution) .
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Why are there different projections for the future global population?
We don't know what could happen in the future.
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What affects total population?
The Birth rate and Death Rate.
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What are the issues with a high world population?
Stretch on the demands for resources.
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What is birth rate?
The number of children born per 1000 of the population per year.
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What is death rate?
The number of people who die per 1000 of the population per year.
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What is life expectancy?
Average age people die in a population.
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What is infant mortality?
The number of children under the age of one who die per 100 births per year.
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What is fertility rate?
The number of children women has in their life time.
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What is the demographic transition model?
A graph that shows changing birth and death rates that affect the total population of a country.
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What is the first stage of the demographic transition model?
Stable population (poor health care but high birth rates and death rates)
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What is the second stage of the demographic transition model?
Rapidly growing (inprovements to healthcare but birth rates stay high)
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What is the third stage of the demographic transition model?
Growth begins to slows down (social and economic changes cause birth rate to fall)
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What is the fourth stage of the demographic transition model?
Slow population growth (Birth rate and death rate begin to balance again)
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What is the fifth stage of the demographic transition model?
Declining population (Low fertility, very higher life expectancy, birth rates fall under death rates)
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What is natural increase?
Difference between birth rates and death rates
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What is the population structure?
The composition (make up) of a population
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How does economic growth effect the population structure?
Many developed countries view children as a cost meaning less children. While many developing countries see children as an asset to help boost family income.
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How does migration effect the population structure?
Immigration can help developing countries with an ageing population, while emmigration can cause a smaller work force for developing countries.
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How does conflict effect the population structure?
War and conflict can cause a population to decrease especially the male population as they most likely will go to wars or conflicts.
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What is an ageing population?
A population where the average age is increasing.
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What are the impacts of an ageing population?
Health care costs rise due to amount of people economically inactive and the amount of people needed to support them. There would be more long-term residential homes needed. Highers taxes would occur to care for the elderly.
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What is dependancy?
People who do not work.
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What is the ideal population?
When the population and resources are equal to each other. (Sustainable)
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What is an overpopulation?
When the amount of resources are not enough for the population. (Deicit)
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What is an underpopulation?
When the population cannot use up all the resources. (Surplus)
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What causes countries to try to control/maintain their populations?
A pressure on resources, overcrowding, ageing and skill shortages.
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What does a pressure on resources mean for a population?
They're deficit so population growth will be restricted.
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What does overcrowding mean for a population?
Resources such as space will be an issue for the deficit population.
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What does an ageing mean for a population?
There are not enough economically active workers so it is a surplus and high rates of immigration may be introduced.
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What does skill shortages mean for a population?
Countries may lack at set of skilled workers to aquire resources properly so people may be immigrated in to help.
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What are anti-natalists?
People who want to control the birth rate to help steady the population.
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What are pro-natalists?
People who support a high birth rate to fill all the resources in the area.
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What is migration?
The moving from one country to the other.
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What is immigration?
Moving to another country.
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What is emmigration?
Moving out of your native country.
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Why do countries want to reduce migration?
Fears of lower pay, fear of a change of culture or large-scale immigration being unpopular among voters.
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Why do countries want to increase migration?
Reduce skill shortages, offset ageing population problem, attract low skilled workers to do work that native people don't want to do.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Why are there different projections for the future global population?

Back

We don't know what could happen in the future.

Card 3

Front

What affects total population?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are the issues with a high world population?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is birth rate?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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