The increasing proportion of people that live in towns and cities
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Counter-urbanisation
Where people leave towns to live in the countryside
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Re-urbanisation
Choosing to move, to live close to a city centre
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Suburbanisation
The outward spread of the built up area, often at a lower density compared to the older parts of the town
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Natural increase
Birth rates are higher than death rates. Migrants tend to be young and death rates are low so cities are dominated by young children
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Migration from the countryside
Result of push and pull factors
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Push factors (Rural to urban migration)
Lack of agriculture jobs, crop failures and harsh conditions of rural life
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Pull factors (Rural to urban migration)
Better jobs and higher wages in the city, better services/healthcare/education
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Shanty towns
Illegal makeshift settlements which have grown rapidly
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Megacities
Cities with at least 10 million people
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Millionaire cities
Cities with at least 1 million people
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World cities
Cities which exert a dominant influence over global economies
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Site
Actual location of a settlement and the physical characteristics of the specific area
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Situation
The location of a place relative to its surroundings and other places
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Function
The reason for a settlement and its land use
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Connectivity
The way a settlement is linked to other places
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Conurbation
An area in which a number of existing urban areas have grown and merged into a single large urban area
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HS2
High Speed 2 - a new high speed rail network from London to Birmingham
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Migration
The process of people changing their place of residence either within or between countries
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International migration
Moving from one country to another
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National migration
Moving from one part of the country to another
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Sustainable development
Meets present needs but crucially limits consumption of resources today for the benefit of people in the future
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Eco-footprint
Looks at how much land is needed to provide something with all the energy, water and materials it uses
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Future proofing
The process of anticipating the future needs
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Green vision
A company that labels itself ‘the energy saving experts’
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Squatter settlements
An area which consists of self built houses made from scrap materials such as corrugated iron and plastic, usually without piped water, electricity or sewage disposal
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Disamenity zones
A disadvantage or drawback, usually of a place
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Informal ecocnomy
Jobs such as shoeshiner, washing up and selling street food
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Spatial inequality
Areas where luxury apartments are found right next to shanty towns
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Benito Juarez
Richest borough in Mexico City
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Milpa Alta
Poor, edge of the city shanty town in Mexico City
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De-industrialisation
The decline of industries in a city
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Globalisation
The process by which businesses develop international influence or start operating on a global scale
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De-centralisation
The redevelopment of the inner city, where factories are demolished or moved out of the city
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The increasing proportion of people that live in towns and cities
Back
Urbanisation
Card 3
Front
Where people leave towns to live in the countryside
Back
Card 4
Front
Choosing to move, to live close to a city centre
Back
Card 5
Front
The outward spread of the built up area, often at a lower density compared to the older parts of the town
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