Changes in Demand

How can the globalisation of the food industry be environmentally damaging? (3)

1) Deforestation takes place to provide land. 2) Farmers move to intensive farming which damages environment. 3) Food exports require transportation - increased carbon emissions (food miles).

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Explain the increase in demand for seasonal produce since the 1960s. Give an example of seasonal produce available all year round in the UK.

In the 1960s, food was locally produced and only available if in season. Now, food is imported from abroad - for example, peaches grow in the UK from August to September, but can be imported all-year-round from France, Spain, Greece and Italy.

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How did high value food exports increase between 1980 and 2003? Quote figures.

Quadrupled - from $26 billion to $106 billion.

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What are the main reasons for increase in demand for high value and seasonal produce? (3)

1) Rising culture of high consumption 2) Increasing incomes in developed countries 3) Rising popularity of exotic products

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What are the negative effects of importing high value and seasonal produce? (5)

1) Varying standards - safety concerns 2) Transportation - carbon emissions 3) Cheaper to import than to produce in some LEDCs - lower food security 4) Concerns about worker pay in LEDCs 5) Best land often used for cash crops - less for local pop.

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What happened to organic food sales in the UK between 1993 and 2003? Quote figures.

Increased by 10 times, from £105 million to £1120 million.

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What are the main reasons for the increase in demand for organic food? (2)

Concerns about 1) intensive farming being environmentally damaging and 2) food grown using pesticides may have harmful residues.

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What are the disadvantages of organic produce? (3)

1) More vulnerable to pests and disease 2) More expensive to produce and buy 3) Not enough produced in UK to meet demand, so has to be imported - carbon emissions

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What was the percentage increase in local produce sales between 2005 and 2006?

6%

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What are the main reasons for the increase in demand for local produce? (2)

Concerns about 1) the environmental impacts of food miles 2) social issues such as the exploitation of workers in LEDCs.

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What are the negative effects of buying local produce? (2)

1) More expensive to produce and buy 2) If we reduce our imports from LEDCs, producers there will suffer

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How can food be produced more sustainably? (4)

1) Relocalising food supply (reduces food miles) 2) Replacing intensive farming with organic (enviro. friendly) 3) Using less food packaging (reduces energy and waste) 4) Using fair trade systems (gives workers fair pay and improved conditions)

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What are the challenges faced when trying to produce food more sustainably? (4)

1) Not always enough land available 2) Organic less productive - more land required to meet demand 3) Less land available for farming (climate change, soil degradation, biofuel demand) 4) Where land avail. reduces, pop. increases - need intensive?

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Changes in Demand

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Other cards in this set

Card 2

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Card 3

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Card 4

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Card 5

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