The enthalpy change that takes place under standard conditions when one mole of a compound is made from its constituent elements in their standard states
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Standard enthalpy change of combustion
the enthalpy change that takes place under standard conditions when one mole of an element or compound is completely combusted in excess oxygen
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Standard enthalpy change of reaction
the enthalpy change that takes place when the amount, in moles, of reactants as written in the balanced equation react together
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Average bond enthalpy
Average enthalpy change per mole when the same type of bond is broken in the gas phase for many similar substances.
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Enthalpy change of vaporisation
Enthalpy change when 1 mole of the liquid converts to gas at its boiling point with a pressure of 1 bar (100 kPa).
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Hess's Law
The enthalpy change in a reaction is independent of the route taken by the reaction, provided that the initial and final conditions are the same
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Stereoisomers
Compounds with the same structural formula but a different arrangement of atoms in space
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Structural Isomers
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula
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Percentage Yield
(Actual yield/Maximum possible yield) x 100
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Atom Economy
(Mr desired products/Mr all products) x 100
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Radical
A species with an unpaired electron
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Electrophile
An electron pair acceptor
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Nucleophile
An electron pair donor
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Pi bond
A bond formed by sideways overlap of p orbitals
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Homolytic Fission
A process in which a covalent bond breaks so that one of the electrons that made up the bond stays with one of the atoms and the other electron stays with the other atom
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Heterolytic fission
A process in which a covalent bond breaks so that both of the electrons that made up the bond stays with one of the atoms
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Activation energy
The minimum energy that particles must have in order to react
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
the enthalpy change that takes place under standard conditions when one mole of an element or compound is completely combusted in excess oxygen
Back
Standard enthalpy change of combustion
Card 3
Front
the enthalpy change that takes place when the amount, in moles, of reactants as written in the balanced equation react together
Back
Card 4
Front
Average enthalpy change per mole when the same type of bond is broken in the gas phase for many similar substances.
Back
Card 5
Front
Enthalpy change when 1 mole of the liquid converts to gas at its boiling point with a pressure of 1 bar (100 kPa).
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