The degree to which the size of an image is larger than the object itself.
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Resolution
The degree to which it is possible to distinguish between two objects that are close together.
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Micrometre
One millionth of a metre.
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Nanometre
One thousandth of a micrometre, or one thousand millionth of a metre.
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Cytoskeleton
The network of protein fibres found within cells that gives structure and shape to the cell, and also moves organelles around inside cells.
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Cell signalling
Processes that led to communication and coordination between cells.
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Diffusion
The movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration.
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Active transport
The movement of molecules or ions across membranes, which uses ATP to drive protein 'pumps' within the membrane, against a concentration gradient.
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Cell cycle
The events that take place as one parent cell divides to produce two new daughter cells which then each growth full size.
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Mitosis
The process of nuclear division where two genetically identical nuclei are formed from one parent cell nucleus.
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Clone
A genetically identical cell or organism derived from one parent.
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Differentiation
The changes occurring in cells of a multicellular organism so that each different type of cell become specialised to perform a specific function.
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Allele
A version of a gene
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Anaphase
The mitotic stage where the newly separated chromatids are pulled towards opposite poles of the nuclear spindle.
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Binary fission
Method of cell division in bacteria. The DNA replicates and the cell divides into two, each having the same DNA as the parent cell.
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Carrier protein
A protein found in membranes, which is capable of carrying a specific molecule or ion through the membrane by active transport or facilitated diffusion.
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Cellulose
A carbohydrate polymer that forms plant cell walls.
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Centriole
An organelle from which the spindle fibres develop during cell division in animal cells.
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Centromere
The region of a chromosome where two sister chromatids are joined together, and where the spindle fibre attaches during cell division.
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Channel protein
A protein pore that spans a membrane, through which very small ions and water-soluble molecules may pass.
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Cholesterol
A lipid molecule found in all cell membranes and involved in the synthesis of steroid hormones.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The degree to which it is possible to distinguish between two objects that are close together.
Back
Resolution
Card 3
Front
One millionth of a metre.
Back
Card 4
Front
One thousandth of a micrometre, or one thousand millionth of a metre.
Back
Card 5
Front
The network of protein fibres found within cells that gives structure and shape to the cell, and also moves organelles around inside cells.
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