Cell structure

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What structures does the nucleus contain? (5)
Nuclear Envelope
Nuclear Pores
Nucleoplasm
Chromosomes
Nucleolus
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What is the function of the nuclear envelope?
Controls the entry and exit of materials in and out of the nucleus
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What is the function of the nuclear pores?
Controls exit of larger molecules such as RNA
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What is the Nucleoplasm?
Granular jelly that makes up the bulk of the nucleus
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Describe how the RER is involved in the production of enzymes
(2 marks)
Has ribosomes
to make proteins
enzymes are proteins
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What is the function of the nucleolus?
Manufactures ribosomal RNA and assembles ribosomes
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What are the functions of the nucleus? (3)
Act as a control centre of the cell ( through protein synthesis)
Retain the genetic material in the form of DNA
Manufacture Ribosomal RNA and ribosomes
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What structures make up the mitochondrion? (3)
Double membrane
Matrix
Cristae
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What is the function of the Cristae?
Provide a large surface area for the attachment of enzymes and proteins involved in respiration?
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What is the function of the matrix?
To contain:
enzymes for respiration
proteins lipids ribosomes and DNA so it can produce its own proteins
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What is the function of Mitochondria?
The site of aerobic respiration
so responsible for the production of ATP
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What is the function of the chloroplasts?
The site of photosynthesis
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In what ways are chloroplasts adapted to their function? (3)
Stroma contains enzymes to make sugars
Contain DNA and ribosomes to manufacture proteins needed for photosynthesis
Grana provide large SA for attachment of chlorophyll, electron carriers and enzymes
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What are the functions of the RER?
Provide a large surface area for protein and glycoprotein synthesis
Provide a pathway for the transport of poteins
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What are the functions of the SER?
synthesise, store and transport lipids and carbohydrates
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What are the functions of the Golgi? (5)
add carbs to proteins to form glycoproteins (modify proteins)
produce secretory enzymes
secrete carbohydrates
transport, modify and store lipids
Form lysosomes
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What are the functions of lysosomes? (4)
hydrolyse material ingested by phagocytes
digest worn out organelles
break down cells after autolysis
release enzymes to the outside of the cell
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What is the function of ribosomes?
The site of protein synthesis
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What are the functions of the cell wall?
To provide mechanical strength to plant and cell
to allow water to pass along it
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What are the functions of the vacuole?
Make cells turgid
contain sugars and amino acids as a temporary food store
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the function of the nuclear envelope?

Back

Controls the entry and exit of materials in and out of the nucleus

Card 3

Front

What is the function of the nuclear pores?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the Nucleoplasm?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Describe how the RER is involved in the production of enzymes
(2 marks)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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