cell structure

?
what is the definition of nucleus ?
controls the activities of the cell and contains genetic information
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what is the definition of cytoplasm ?
chemical reactions take place
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what is the cell membrane ?
controls what goes in and out the cell
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what is the definition of mitochondria ?
Aerobic respiration takes place
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what is the definition of ribosomes ?
where protein synthesised
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what is the definition of chloroplast ?
absorb sunlight to make food by photosythesis
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what 3 things does a animal cell not have but a plant cell does ?
cell wall,vacuole.chloroplasts
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what are the two main types of cell ?
prokaryotic and eukaryotic
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what three cells are eukaryotic ?
plant,animal and fungal cells are all eukaryotic
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what cells are prokaryotic ?
bacterial cells are prokaryotic
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how do you calculate magnification ?
size of image divide by size of real object
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what are chromosomes made up of ?
chromosomes are made up of DNA
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how much pair of chromosomes do humans have ?
23
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where are stem cells found ?
human embryo, umbilical chord and some organs and tissues,e.g bone marrow
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where are adult stem cells found ?
organs tissues and bone marrow
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how are stem cells useful ?
stem cells are useful in treating conditions where the cells are damaged or are not working properly such as paralysis and diabetes
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where in plants where are stem cells found ?
stem cells are found in a special area called meristems
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what is diffusion ?
diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high to low concentration
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name some examples of diffusion :
oxygen and carbon dioxide
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where do the digested molecules go ?
digested food molecules from the small intestine diffuse into the blood
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what is osmosis ?
osmosis is the diffusion of water from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution through a partially membrane.
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what is transpiration ?
active transport is the movement of a low concentration to a high concentration
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what does active transport allow ?
active transport allows mineral ions to be absorbed into the plant root hairs
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what are enzymes ?
enzymes are biology catalyst
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what are the three digestive enzymes ?
the digestive enzymes are protease , carbohydrase and lipase
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where is amylase produced ?
salivary glands and pancreas
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what breaks down starch ?
carbohydrase breaks down strach into sugar
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where is protease ?
protease is produced in the stomach,pancreas,and small intestine
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what does protease break down ?
breaks down proteins into amino acids
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where is lipase produced ?
is produced in the pancreas and small intestines
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what does lipase break down ?
lipase is broken down into lipids and into fatty acids and glycerol
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where is bile stored ?
bile is stored in the gall bladder
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what is a blood ?
blood is a tissue
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what does red blood cell contain ?
red blood cell contain haemaglobin
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name one thing that a red blood cell does not have:
nucleus
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what do white blood cell do ?
they help us to protect the body against infection
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what are platelets ?
platelets are fragments of cells, which collect at wounds and trigger blood clotting
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what are the three blood vessels ?
arteries ,veins and capillaries
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what does the arteries ?
they take your blood from your heart to your organs and arteries also have thick walls made from muscle and elastic fibres
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what does the veins do ?
they take your blood from your organs to your heart also they have thinner walls and valves to prevent backflow
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what does the capillaries do ?
allow substances needed by the cells to pass out of the blood and they have narrow thin walls
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what does the heart do ?
the heart pumps blood around the body in a double circulatory system
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what are the four chambers in the heart ?
left atria and right atria left and right ventricle
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what is a disease caused by ?
diseases are caused by a a part of the body not working properly
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what is a non-communicable disease ?
non communicable diseases cannot be spread between organisms but communicable diseases can
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is cancer a communicable disease or a non-communicable disease
non-communicable
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what is cancer caused by ?
cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell division
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what is benign tumors ?
benign is a tumor that does not spread around the body
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what is malignant tumors ?
malignant tumors are spread in the blood
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what is the function of epidermis ?
covers the outer surface for protection
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what is the function of the palisade mesophyll ?
the main site of photosythesis in the leaf
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what is the function of spongy mesophyll ?
air spaces between the cells allow gases to diffuse through the leaf
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what is the function of xylem vessels ?
transports water and minerals throught the plant from roots to leaves also support the plant
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what is the function of the phloem vessels ?
transports dissolved food material through the plant
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what are pathogens ?
pathogens are microorganisms that cause infectious disease
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names 2 bacteria diseases :
salmonella and gonnorhea
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is the definition of cytoplasm ?

Back

chemical reactions take place

Card 3

Front

what is the cell membrane ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is the definition of mitochondria ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is the definition of ribosomes ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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