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6. What are histones and whats there relevance?

  • Histones are proteins that form chromatin
  • Histones are proteins that break chromosomes down into chromatin
  • Histones are tiny organelles that used to recall the information of the cell. During the evolution of cells, they were replaced by the nuclus
  • Tiny proteins held inside of the nucleus that record the cells activities

7. During transcription, why is information from DNA copied onto RNA?

  • DNA cannot obtain enough energy to properly deliver information to the other organelles and so it passes info onto RNA, which can gain enough energy to transfer the info
  • DNA is too large to leave the nucleus so its information is copied onto RNA which is small enough to leave through the nuclear pores
  • RNA would be wasted if it wasn't used
  • DNA is too important to leave the nucleus so RNA acts as a messenger delivering information to other organelles within the cell

8. Which are three features of plant cell walls?

  • Found inside the cell membrane, freely permeable, and make the plant cell rigid
  • Made of cellulose, are partially permeable, and are on the outside of the cell membrane
  • Made of cellulose, are freely permeable, and are on the outside of the cell membrane
  • Are rigid structures, allow the plant cell to change shape, and are partially permeable.

9. The fluid interior of mitochondria is called?

  • The mitroplasm
  • The matrix
  • The chromatin
  • The cisternae

10. Where are proteins synthesised?

  • On the ribosomes bound to the endoplasmic reticulum
  • In the cisternae of the golgi apparatus
  • Within the endoplasmic reticulim
  • In the ribosomes that are found free floating in the cytoplasm

11. The internal membranes inside chloroplasts form flattened sacks - what are these sacks called?

  • Thylakoids
  • Granum
  • Stroma
  • Chloroplast envolopes

12. How is DNA arranged in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

  • Prokaryotes - circular Eukaryotes - linear
  • Prokaryotes and eukaryotes - linear
  • Prokaryotes - linear Euaryotes- circular
  • Prokaryotes and eukaryotes - cirlular

13. What are lysosomes?

  • Specialised forms of vesicles containing hydrolytic enzymes (digestive enzymes)
  • Specialised digestive enzymes
  • External organelles that keep cells stationary
  • Vesicles that play a key role in protein synthesis

14. I'm an organelle found in plant cells. I contain an inner membrane that's arranged in flattened sacs. Which organelle am i?

  • The chloroplast
  • Secretory vesicles
  • The mitrochondria
  • A centriole

15. What are microtubules?

  • Tiny organelles on the surface of the cell that record information about the cells environment
  • A component of the cytoskeleton that can break down the cell and rebuild it again during complex cellular processes
  • A component of the cytoskeleton that forms a scaffold like structure that determines the shape of the cell
  • Contractile fibres formed from the protein actin

16. What is the name of the dark region within the nucleus?

  • The DNA
  • The nucleolus
  • The premature nuclei
  • The nuclear sap

17. What is exocytosis?

  • When materials are transported out of the cell via secretory vesicles
  • A complex form of cellular division in some cells.
  • When materials are transported into the cell via secretory vesicles
  • The process in which cells get rid of or burn excess energy