Cell membranes 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyCellsUniversityNone Created by: alishaknapmanCreated on: 07-04-19 14:03 Lipids may vary by what factors? Length, Saturation, Phospholipid group, Degree 1 of 30 Lipids may be up to .... cholesterol? 25 percent 2 of 30 What are the types of membrane proteins? peripheral and integral 3 of 30 What is a Peripheral membrane protein? Lacks hydrophobic groups and does not penetrate bilayer. 4 of 30 What is an integral membrane protein? Have hydrophilic regions and hydrophobic. Can extend across bilayer or be partially embedded. 5 of 30 Define anchor protein? Have fatty acids/lipid groups covalently attached. 6 of 30 What is a transmembrane protein? Extends all the way across phospholipid bilayer. Has 1 or more domains on either side of bilayer which can have specific functions. 7 of 30 What do carbohydrates serve as? Recognition sites. 8 of 30 Name 2 carbohydrates in the membrane? Glycolipid, Glycoprotein 9 of 30 Two main types of transport? Active and Passive 10 of 30 Diffusion rates depend on? Size of molecule, conc of solute and temp of solute. 11 of 30 Diffusion is for which molecules? Water and lipid soluble molecules, no charged molecules, non polar molecules. 12 of 30 What is isotonic solution ? Equal solute concentration. 13 of 30 What is hypotonic solution? Lower conc in solute 14 of 30 What is hypertonic solution? Higher conc in solute. 15 of 30 If a cell is in a hypotonic solution what will happen? Cell will burst. 16 of 30 What is tutor pressure? In a plant cell internal pressure will build to prevent more water from entering. 17 of 30 Name examples of passive transport? Facilitated diffusion, Channel proteins, carrier proteins, Ion channels. 18 of 30 How does an ion channel work? Gate opens when the protein is stimulated by a ligand/electrical charge which causes the protein to change shape causing the gate to open. 19 of 30 Define membrane potential? Charge imbalance across a membrane 20 of 30 How does carrier proteins work? Transport polar molecules across membrane in both directions by binding to molecule causing a change of shape to allow the molecule to pass through. 21 of 30 What is active transport? Moves molecules across a concentration gradient, requires ATP 22 of 30 Which proteins are involved in active transport? Uniporters, Symporters, antiporters. 23 of 30 What is primary active transport? Direct hydrolysis of ATP 24 of 30 What is secondary active transport? Energy is regained by ions moving across membrane with conc gradient. 25 of 30 Macromolecules are too large to pass through how do they enter? Taken in by membrane vesicles 26 of 30 Define endocytosis? Process that brings molecules into cell by membrane folding around molecule forming vesicle. 27 of 30 Define Phagocytosis? Molecules are engulfed by WBC. Protists also feed in this way. Food vacuole forms and lysosomes fuse with this. 28 of 30 Exocytosis definition? Material expelled from a cell, indigestible material. Others may leave by enzymes/ neurotransmitters. 29 of 30 Name 2 examples of how membranes transform energy? Mitochondrial membranes by changing energy from fuel to ATP. Thylakoids by changing light energy to chemical bonds. 30 of 30
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