The process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job.
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When do cells become specialised in animal cells and in plant cells?
Animal- Usually at an early stage as it develops. Plant- Most plant cells can specialise at any stage.
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For what reason does differentiation occur in animal cells at a later stage?
Mainly for repairing and replacing cells.
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What are undifferentiated cells called?
Stem Cells
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How are sperm cells adapted?
It has a long tail and streamlined neck (to help swim to the egg), lots of mitochondria (provide the energy needed), it has enzymes in the head (digest through the egg membrane).
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How are nerve cells adapted?
They are long(to cover longer distances), have branched connections at their ends (to connect to other nerve cells).
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How are muscle cells adapted?
They are long (to have space to contract) and have lots of mitochondria (to provide the energy needed).
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How are root hair cells adapted?
The hairs give the plant a large surface area (for better absorption of water and mineral ions).
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How are xylem and phloem cells adapted?
Xylem cells are hollow in the centre and phloem cells have little subcellular structures(stuff can flow through them).
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
When do cells become specialised in animal cells and in plant cells?
Back
Animal- Usually at an early stage as it develops. Plant- Most plant cells can specialise at any stage.
Card 3
Front
For what reason does differentiation occur in animal cells at a later stage?
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