Cell cycles and life cycles 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyCellular processesASOCR Created by: Steff06Created on: 20-05-16 17:16 What 2 types of clones are there? Natural and artificial 1 of 24 Define clones Genetically identicl cells/organisms derived from one parent. 2 of 24 Describe how all bacteria are clones Bacteria is produced by binary fission which is where 1 cell divides to produce clones. 3 of 24 How are clones produced through asexual production? By vegetative propagation. 4 of 24 Provide examples of vegetative propagation Potato tubers and strawberry runners. 5 of 24 What is another method to produce clones of plants? Taking cuttings. 6 of 24 What ability do stem cells possess? The ability to divide and develop into any of several different cell types. 7 of 24 Where do embryonic stem cells come from and what type of cells are embryonic stem cells? Come from young embryos. Called totipotent. 8 of 24 What does totipotent mean? Can develop into any of the cell types found in an adult. 9 of 24 Where are other stem cells found? In small numbers in adult tissue. 10 of 24 What can adult stem cells be described as? Pluripotent. 11 of 24 What does pluripotent mean? Can develop into several different cell types. 12 of 24 By what processes can animal cells replace new cells? By mitosis and cytokinesis. 13 of 24 How do plant cells produce new cells? In meristem cells. 14 of 24 Where are meristems located? (3) In the root and shoot tips and in a ring of tissues in the stem or trunk. 15 of 24 How does sexual reproduction produce genetically different offspring? Each of the 2 organisms contribute half of the genetic information (genome) required. 16 of 24 What are gametes? Cells containing half the adult number of chromosomes. 17 of 24 How is a zygote produced? By fusing 2 gametes (male and female). 18 of 24 How can the zygote become a new organism? The zygote can divide by mitosis and grow into a new organism. 19 of 24 What type of cell division produces gametes? Meiosis 20 of 24 How many sets of chromosomes do adult cells normally contain and what are they called? 2 sets. Called diploid. 21 of 24 What happens in meiosis? One member of each homologous pair goes into each daughter cell. 22 of 24 What are daughter cells known as and why? Haploid, because they only have 1 set of chromosomes. 23 of 24 How does meiosis differ from mitosis? Meiosis produces cells with half the chromosomes. Meiosis produces genetically different cells. 24 of 24
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