Cell cycle

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  • Created by: amykane
  • Created on: 05-12-17 02:50
What happens during prophase?
chromosome condense and become visible, spindle fibers emerge, nuclear envelope breaks down, centrioles move towards opposite poles
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Facts about centrioles?
Only found in animal cells. Self-replicating. Made of bundle of micro-tubules. They make spindle fibers
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What happens during metaphase?
Thick, coiled chromosomes lined up in centre of cell on metaphase plate. Spindle fibers are attached to chromosomes
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What happens during anaphase?
Chromosomes break at centromeres and sister chromatids move to opposite ends of cell
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What happens during telophase?
chromosomes reach poles of cell, uncoil and lengthen. Spindle fibers disintegrate. Nuclear envelope reforms. Nucleoli disappear.
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What happens in cytokinesis?
Division of the cytoplasm. In animals, a cleavage furrow forms, microfilaments contract and cut the cell in two.
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What is cell cycle controlled by?
Proteins called cyclins and a set of enzymes that attach to cyclins, becoming activated cyclin dependant kinases. (CDKs)
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How are cyclins turned on?
They are specifically turned on by phosphorylation at the stage of the cell cycle they are needed.
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What are cyclins controlled by?
CDKs
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What are cyclin-dependant kinases controlled by?
oncogenes P35 and inhibitors (CDIs) such as P21
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What are the CDIs then controlled by?
oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes such as p53
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What is cell cycle arrest controlled by?
tumour suppressors p53 and pRB
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Facts about centrioles?

Back

Only found in animal cells. Self-replicating. Made of bundle of micro-tubules. They make spindle fibers

Card 3

Front

What happens during metaphase?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What happens during anaphase?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What happens during telophase?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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