What is an effective strategy for enhancing the specificity of interactions between signalling molecules?
Localise them in the same part of the cell or within large protein complex's.
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Give 3 examples of localising signalling molecules
using a protein scaffold, using an activated receptor to assemble a signalling complex or using phosphoinositide sites to assemble the signalling complex
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Explain what a scaffolding protein does
scaffold proteins bring together groups of interacting signalling proteins into scaffolding complexes (often before the signal has been received). due to the proteins being held together closely they can interact at high local concentrations.
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Explain assembly of signalling complexes on an activated receptor
these signalling complexes form only transiently in response to an extracellular signal. Assemble around a receptor after activation by an extracellular signal.
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What is Induced Proximity?
is where a signal triggers assembly of a signalling complex. Induced Proximity is commonly used to relay signals from protein to protein along a signalling pathway.
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What do interaction domains allow?
they enable signalling proteins to bind to one another in multiple different combinations.
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What is the Primary Cilium
A projection from the surface of most vertebrate cells (a bit like an antenna). It is usually short and nonmotile. It has microtubules at its core and surface receptors and signalling proteins are found here
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Define a second messenger
A substance who's release in a cell is promoted by a hormone and which brings about a response by the cell
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what is the function of an intracellular signalling system
To detect and measure a specific stimulus in one location of as cell and then generate an appropriately timed and measured response at another location
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Give 3 examples of localising signalling molecules
Back
using a protein scaffold, using an activated receptor to assemble a signalling complex or using phosphoinositide sites to assemble the signalling complex
Card 3
Front
Explain what a scaffolding protein does
Back
Card 4
Front
Explain assembly of signalling complexes on an activated receptor
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