Cell biology
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- Biology
- Adaptations of organisms to their environmentMicroscopesDiffusion & OsmosisActive transport
- GCSE
- AQA
- Created by: KOakley1
- Created on: 20-07-20 17:11
What are animal cells made up of?
Cell mambrane, Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Ribosomes and Mitochondria.
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What are plant cells made up of?
Cell mambrane, Nucleus, Cytoplasm Ribosomes, Mitochondria, Cell wall, Chloroplasts and Vacuole.
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What is the function of a cell membrane?
Controls movement in and out of cell.
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What is the function of the nucleus?
Containd DNA and controls cell activities.
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What is the function of Mitochondria?
Respiration.
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What is the function of Ribosomes?
Protein in synthesis.
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What is the function of cytoplasm?
It's where chemical reactions occur.
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What is the function of the Cell wall?
Provides structural support.
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What is the function of the Vacuole?
Contains cell sap and keeps the shape of the cell.
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What is the function of Chloroplasts?
Where photosynthesis occurs.
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What are bacteria cells made up of?
Cell wall, Chromosomal DNA, flagellum, cytoplasm, plasmid and cell membrane.
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What is the job of red blood cells?
To carry oxygen from the lungs to the body and the carbon dioxide from the body back to the lungs.
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How are red blood cells adapted ?
Large surface area, haemoglobin picks up oxygen, no nucleus to make space for more oxygen and bioconcave shape.
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What is the job of sperm?
To carry genetic information to the egg.
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How is sperm adapted?
Head contains genetic info to fertilise egg, tail moves the egg, enzymes called acrosome can be founs at the tip of the head to penetrate egg cell membrane, Middle packed with mitochondria to release energy for movement in respiration.
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What is the max. magnification and resolution of a light microscope?
max. magnification = x1500 & max. resolution= 0.2um
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How do light microscopes work?
Light passes through the sample to produce an image
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Name 4 advantages of a light microscope
Cheap, small, easy to use and enable looking at living cells.
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Name 2 disadvantages of a light microscope
Only magnifies objects up to x1500 and has a low resolution.
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What is the max. magnification and resolution of a electron microscope?
max. magnificatio= 2 million & max.resolution=
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How do electron microscopes work?
They use a beam of high speed energy electrons in a vaccum to form images of samples.
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Name an advantage of electron microscopes
Powerful magnificaton
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Name 4 disadvantages of electron microscopes
Expensive, kills living cells, hard to use and produces only black & white photos.
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What is SEM scanning?
Electrons bounce off of surface to reveal shape and produce image.
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What is TEM scanning?
Electrons pass through object to identify internal sttructure
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What is diffusion?
Movement of particles from an area of low concentration down a concentration gradient.
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Name 2 types of diffusion
Photosynthesis & Breathing
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How can rate of diffusion be increased?
Increasing surface area, decreasing distance particles have to travel, Increasing concentration gradient and with wind.
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What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane.
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Where can osmosis happen?
In the body with red blood cells.
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What does Turgid mean?
Water entering the cell fills the vacuole, pushing against the walls.
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What does Flaccid mean?
When water leaves the cell, the vacuole shrinks
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What dodes Plasmolysed mean?
When too much water leaves the cell, the cytoplasm moves away from the walls.
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What is active transport?
Movement of substances from a low gradient to a high gradient against the concentration gradient.
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Which of these (diffusion, osmosis & active transport) require energy?
Active transport
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are plant cells made up of?
Back
Cell mambrane, Nucleus, Cytoplasm Ribosomes, Mitochondria, Cell wall, Chloroplasts and Vacuole.
Card 3
Front
What is the function of a cell membrane?
Back
Card 4
Front
What is the function of the nucleus?
Back
Card 5
Front
What is the function of Mitochondria?
Back
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