Cell Biology

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  • Created by: Jazzy33
  • Created on: 02-03-18 15:07
What is the role of Sperm Cells?
Sperm cells are used for reproduction
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What is the process of the Sperm Cell?
The process of the sperm cell is when the long tail and steamlined head swims to the egg.
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What does the Sperm Cell contain?
The sperm cell contains mitchondria for energy and enzymes
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What is the role of Nerve Cells?
Nerve cells are used for rapid signalling
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What is the process of the Nerve Cell?
It contains long electrical signals and branched connections in order to connect with other nerves and form a network the nerve process.
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What is the role of Muscle Cells?
Muscle cells are used for contractions
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What does Muscle Cells contain?
Muscle cells contain lots of mitchondria for energy needed for contraction.
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What is the role of Root hair Cells?
Root hair Cells are used to absorb water and minerals
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What adaptation does a Root hair Cell have?
A root hair cell has a big surface area in plants to absorb minerals from soil.
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What is Diffusion?
Diffusion is the spreading out of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
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What affects Diffusion?
The larger the concentration gradient the faster the diffusion rate. The highter the temperature the faster the diffusion rate.
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What is Osmosis?
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules of a partially premeable membrane from a region of a higher concentration to a region of a lower concentrstion.
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What is used to test Osmosis?
Potatoes is used to test osmosis
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What happens during the test of Osmosis?
2 substanecs are used pure water and sugar solution. Put it in, measure mass, take it out&dry, .easure mass again
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What is the end result of the test of Osmosis?
If the water is taken in it has decreased in mass. If the water has drawn back it has decreased in mass.
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What specialised cell uses Active Transport?
Root hair cells take in minerals using active transport
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What does Root Hair Cells have for active transport?
Root hair cells have large surface areas to absor minerals from soils.
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Where is Active Transport used?
Active transport is ued in the gut from a lower concentration of nutrients in the gut but higher concentration of nutrients in the blood.
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What are Stem Cells?
Stem Cells are undifferentiated cell which gives more cells of the same type. It can differentiate to form other types of cells.
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Give an example of a Stem Cell useful in medicine?
leukiamoia = The cell divides and gets rid of the old bone marrow to form a new bone marrow. The cell differentiates to form blood.
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What is Mitosis?
To grow and repair cells that have been damaged
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What is the process of Mitosis?
Once the content and DNA has been copied the cell is now ready for mitosis.
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The 2nd step of mitosis?
Chromosomes line up and cell fibres pull them apart. Two arms of each go to opposite ends.
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The 3rd step of mitosis?
membranes form around each chromosome. Divides. This becomes the new nuclei in 2 new cells.
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The 4th step of mitosis?
Cytoplasm and cell membrane divide.
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What are the extra features of Plant Cells?
cell wall, permanent vacoule, chloroplasts
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The function of a Cell wall?
Cell wall has a rigid structure made of cellulose. It supports and strengthens the cell.
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The function of a Permanet Vacoule?
Permanet Vacoule contains cell sap. Produces weak solution of sugar and salts.
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The function of a Chloroplast?
Chloroplasts is where photosynthesis occurs. It contains green like substance called chlorophyll which absorb the light needed for photosynthesis.
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What are the properties of Animal Cells?
Nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitchondria, ribosomes
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What is the function of the Nucleus?
The nucleus contains genetic material, it controls activity of the cell.
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What is the function of the Cytoplasm?
Cytoplasm is a gel like substance where most chemical reactions take place. It contains enzymes that control these chemical reactions.
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What is the function of the Cell Membrane?
The cell membrane hold the cell together. It contols what goes in and out of the cell.
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What is the function of the Mitchondria?
The mitchondria is where most reactions of respiration takes place.
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What is the function of the Ribosomes?
The ribosomes is where proteins are made.
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What are the 2 Exchange Surfaces?
The 2 exchange surfaces are Villi in small intestines and Alveoli in the lungs
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What is the function of the Villi in the small intestine?
Large surface area= to diffuse food molecules in the bloodstream. Good blood supply= Steep concentration , faster rate of diffusion. Thin surface= faster diffusion.
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What is the function of the Alveoli in the lungs?
Large surface area= where diffusions og gas takeover. Good blood supply= steep concentration gradient for oxygen to diffuse into blood then go. Thin Surface= Oxygen diffuses for short distamce faster diffusion
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What are they both adapted for?
Both are adapted for efficient diffusion.
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What is the process of the Sperm Cell?

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Card 3

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Card 4

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Card 5

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