Causes of disease

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Define Pathogen
An Organism that causes disease
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Name the 2 ways in which pathogens enter the body
-the gas exchange system -the digestive system
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State the 3 defences the body has against entry of pathogens
- a mucous layer which forms a sticky barrier that is difficult to penetrate -production of enzymes which break down pathogens -production of stomach acid which kills microorganisms
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State the 2 ways which pathogens cause disease
- damaging host tissues (breaking down membranes of host cells, preventing tissues from functioning properly, inhibit synthesis of DNA - producing toxins
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Why are the respiratory and digestive systems often the site of entry for pathogens?
Diffusion takes place in these systems so they have a large surface area, are thin, moist and well supplied with blood vessels. This makes it easy for pathogens to attach to and penetrate them.
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What factors increase the risk of coronary heart disease?
-lack of exercise -high blood pressure -high cholesterol - diet high in saturated fats -excessive consumption of alcohol -smoking
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What lifestyle factors contribute to cancer?
-smoking -diet -physical activity - exposure to sunlight -obesity
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Name the 2 ways in which pathogens enter the body

Back

-the gas exchange system -the digestive system

Card 3

Front

State the 3 defences the body has against entry of pathogens

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

State the 2 ways which pathogens cause disease

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why are the respiratory and digestive systems often the site of entry for pathogens?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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