Give the functional group of aldehydes and ketones and where it is in each
C=O, aldehyde at end, ketone has alkyl groups either side
1 of 10
What are the tests to distinguish between an aldehyde and ketone in solution?
aldehydes can be oxidised so add oxdising reagent if it turns a different colour its been reduced: tollens-mirror,fehlings-blue to brick red, benedicts (same as f)
2 of 10
Whats the functional group of a hydroxynitirile and how do you name one?
CN and OH group, hydroxy- (prefix) -nitrile (suffix)
3 of 10
How do you produce a htdroxynitrile?
nucleophilic addition reaction between aldehyde/ketone with hydrogen cyanide
4 of 10
Give the functional group of a carboxylic acid and say what is formed from a reaction with a carbonate
COOH, forms; salt, carbon dioxide and water
5 of 10
How is an ester formed and what are some of its propertise?
reaction of carboxylic acid with alcohol and strong acid catalyst. uses: sweet smell so perfumes, plasticiers (add to plastic to make more flexible)
6 of 10
Which hydrolysis of an ester forms the original carboxylic acid and alcohol? what does the other one produce?
acid, base hydrolysis produces carboxylate ion and alcohol
7 of 10
What is used to produce biodiesel? Why is it not 100% carbon neutral?
react oil with methanol using strong acid catalyst produces methyl esters, energy making fertilisers and to covert oil
8 of 10
Give the products when acyl chlorides or acid anhydrides react with: water, alcohol, ammonia and amines
water-carboxylic acid, alcohol-ester, ammonia-amide, amine-N-subsituated amide, all produce HCL
9 of 10
What is the functional group for acyl chlorides and what is an acid anhydride?
fucntional group=COCl, acid anhydride made from 2 identical carboxylic acids joined by oxygen
10 of 10
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are the tests to distinguish between an aldehyde and ketone in solution?
Back
aldehydes can be oxidised so add oxdising reagent if it turns a different colour its been reduced: tollens-mirror,fehlings-blue to brick red, benedicts (same as f)
Card 3
Front
Whats the functional group of a hydroxynitirile and how do you name one?
Back
Card 4
Front
How do you produce a htdroxynitrile?
Back
Card 5
Front
Give the functional group of a carboxylic acid and say what is formed from a reaction with a carbonate
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