Carbohydrates 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyBiological moleculesASOCR Created by: JemmaVenessCreated on: 27-04-16 20:46 What are carbohydrates made from? Monosaccharides 1 of 20 What is a polymer? A molecule made up of many monomers bonded togetger 2 of 20 What is glucose? A monoosaccharide with 6 carbon atoms (hexose). There are 2 forms of glucose, alpha and beta 3 of 20 What is ribose? A monosaccharide with 5 carbon atoms (pentose) 4 of 20 What are the three elements that make up carbohydrates? Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen 5 of 20 What are monosaccharides joined together by Glycosidic bonds 6 of 20 What is a condensation reaction A hydrgen atom on one monosaccharide bonds to a hydroxyl group on the other, releasing a molecule of water 7 of 20 What is the reverse of this reaction? Hydrolysis 8 of 20 How is a disaccharide formed? When two monosaccharides join together 9 of 20 How is a polysaccharide formed? When more than two monosaccharides join together 10 of 20 What are the 3 polysaccharides you have to know Starch, glycogen, cellulose 11 of 20 What does starch do? The main energy storage material in plants 12 of 20 What is starch made up of? Amylose and Amylopectin 13 of 20 What is amylose? Long unranched chain of alpha glucose. Coiled structure, compact which means its good for storage 14 of 20 What is amylopectin? Long branched chain of alpha glucose. It side branches allows the enzymes to breakdown the molecules to get to the glycosidic bonds easily. 15 of 20 What are the features of starch? Insoluble in water, which means that it is good for storage. 16 of 20 What does glycogen do? Main energy storage material in animals 17 of 20 What is the structure of glycogen? Similar to Amylopectin, but with more side branches so it has quicker energy release 18 of 20 What is cellulose made up of? Long unbranched chains of beta glucose 19 of 20 Structure of cellulose When these bond, they form straight cellulose chains. These link by hydrogen bonds to form microfibrils. 20 of 20
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