California and Pike's Peak gold rushes

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When was Gold discovered in California and where in California was this?
1848 at Sutters Mill, Californian territory
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When was California sold to the USA and by who?
1848 and by Mexico
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By 1849 how many Americans headed to California and why?
50,000 Americans and to 'strike it rich'
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What did California ask of the government in October 1849?
It applied to become a state
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By 1850 San Francisco grew to a city of how many people?
34,000
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Huge numbers of what kind of people went to find their own riches in California between 1850-51?
Chinese and Miners
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What kinds of people were forced from the land so that people could set up mining camps?
Native Americans
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What were mining settlements like?
Heavily male dominated and full of gambling dens and saloons. They could be violent places and robberies and murders were more common here then in any other kind of settlement.
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What did women do in mining settlements?
Some were prostitutes but some made money by selling food or doing laundry for the miners.
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What fraction of men from Oregeon went to California in search of gold?
Two thirds of men
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What were the consequences of the Californian gold rush on individual miners?
Individuals left their entire families in search of gold in California. Most men lost everything. There was a huge increase of crime, gambling and prostitution.
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What were the consequences of the Californian gold rush on big mining companies?
By 1852 big companies employed hundreds of people to dig out ton after ton of quartz crystal. The quartz was crushed and dissolved in chemical vats to reveal the gold. 108 crushing mills dominated the Californian scene.
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What did companies in the East experience a loss of and why?
They lost alot of employees because they had all joined large mining companies in the West.
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What were the consequences of the Californian gold rush for those who set up service businesses?
Merchants were able to sell basic supplies for 5x or 10x their normal prices. They sold things to the miners such as, pans, picks, tents, blankets and food.
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Who was Levi Strauss and what did he do?
He was a merchant and he made his fortune selling hardwearing denim trousers to the miners. These 'Levis' became the start of a huge business empire and helped boost cotton production.
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What was the consequences of the Californian gold rush for the Native Americans?
In 1848 some had began to dig for gold but the Forty Niners had driven them into the mountains, sometimes shooting them dead with little thought. This violence was encouraged by the Californian Government.
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What did the Californian Governer Barnett say about Native Americans?
"A war of extermination will continue to be waged between races until the Indian race becomes extinct"
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What law was created in 1850's California and what did this result in?
A law which stated that any Native American that couldn't prove they had a job could be arrested and sold as a slave. Hundreds of men, women and children were sold.
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What consequences of the Californian Gold rush effected the enviroment?
It was cheaper and quicker to use high powered water jets to realease quartz from the mountains. Whole hillsides were destroyed which clogged the rivers with rocks and gravel. Flooding became a major problem and some towns were washed away.
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What were the consequences of the Californian gold rush that effected the wildlife?
Chemicals used to extract the gold from the quartz killed fish and wildlife.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

When was California sold to the USA and by who?

Back

1848 and by Mexico

Card 3

Front

By 1849 how many Americans headed to California and why?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What did California ask of the government in October 1849?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

By 1850 San Francisco grew to a city of how many people?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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