A single element or compound that is not mixed with any other substances
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what is a formulation ?
a mixture designed as a useful product
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what happens if an impurity is present?
- Lowers the melting point
-Raises the boiling point
-The greater the amount of impurity, the bigger the difference from the true melting and boiling point
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Test for Common Gases
hydrogen- squeaky pop
oxygen- relights a glowing spill
carbon dioxide- lime water milky
chlorine- bleaches damp litmus paper
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Flame Test
lithium- red
sodium- yellow
potassium -lilac
calcium- orange/red
copper- green
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Teat for Cations
(precipitates)
calcium, aluminium,magnesium- white
copper- blue
iron(II)- green
iron(III)- brown
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Test for Anions
chloride- white
bromide- cream
iodide- yellow
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how do you calculate the Rf value ?
distance from base line to the spot
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distance from base line to solvent front
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what are the 2 phases in chromatography?
Mobile phase—this is where the molecules can move. This is always a liquid or gas
Stationary phase—this is where the molecules can’t move. This is usually a solid or thick
liquid
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
a mixture designed as a useful product
Back
what is a formulation ?
Card 3
Front
- Lowers the melting point
-Raises the boiling point
-The greater the amount of impurity, the bigger the difference from the true melting and boiling point
Back
Card 4
Front
hydrogen- squeaky pop
oxygen- relights a glowing spill
carbon dioxide- lime water milky
chlorine- bleaches damp litmus paper
Back
Card 5
Front
lithium- red
sodium- yellow
potassium -lilac
calcium- orange/red
copper- green
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