What happens when you mix an acid with an alkali in the correct amounts?
They cancel out eachother.
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What is neutralisation?
The reaction between an acid and an alkali that forms a neutral solution.
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Hydrogen ions with acid react with ________ ions to make water.
hydoxide ions.
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When an acid reacts with a metal carbonate, _____ is also produced.
Carbon Dioxide.
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The type of salt depends on......
the acid used.
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Hydrochloric acid produces____ salts.
Chloride.
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Sulfuric acid produces ____ salts.
Sulfate.
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Nitric acid produces _____salts.
Nitrate.
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What is the formula of the salt- Magnesium carbonate?
MgCO3
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What is the formula for the salt- calcium carbonate?
CaCl3
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What is the usual number that is given for salts that are carbonates?
3
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What is the usual number that is given for salts that are chlorides?
2
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What is the usual number than is given for salts that are sulfates?
4
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What is the difference in formula between Sodium chloride and Sodium sulfate?
Sodium chloride is- NaCl whereas, Sodium sulfate is- Na2SO4, (the sodium in sodium sulfate is diatomic)
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Endothermic reactions.....
are less common than exothermic reactions and they take in energy from the surroundings. This means products have more energy than the reactants did.
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Endothermic reactions in industry can take a lot of energy to make them happen. Exothermic reactions can...
sometimes be dangerous because they can reach very high temperatures if they are not adequately controlled.
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The greater amount of reactants used...
the greater amount of products produced.
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To calculate percentage yield..
divide the actual yield by the theoretical yield x 100
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What is a theoretical yield?
the amount of product you would expect to get if the reaction goes to completion.
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The relative atomic mass (RAM) of an element shows...
the mass of one atom in comparison to other atoms.
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The relative formula mass (RFM or M) of a compound is the relative..
atomic masses of all its elements added together.
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In order to produce a good estimate for a titration experiment, you need to...
repeat the experiment to be able to produce averages and to indicate error.
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Name two ways of finding the rate of a chemical reaction?
By weighing the reaction mixture and measuring the volume of gas produced.
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What does weighing a reaction mixture propose?
If one of the products is a gas, you can weigh the reaction mixture at time intervals. The mass of the mixture will decrease as the gas is produced.
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What does measuring the volume of gas produced propose?
This helps to measure the total amount of gas produced by the reaction.
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How could you observe a precipitate?
All.
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Collision theory states that...
for two reactant particles to react, they must collide. There must be 'activation energy' which means that there must be enough energy to not need to simply bounce off of eachother.
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A successful collision is more likely if..
particles have more energy.
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High concentration of particles= more collisions. Low concentration of particles= ....
less frequent collision.
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Large particles have a __________ ________ _________ in relation to their volume. Which means that fewer particles are exposed and avaliable for collisions, and collisions are less frequent- slower reaction.
small surface area.
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Small particles have a ____ ________ _______ in relation to their volume. Which means that more particles are exposed and avaliable for collisions and collisions are more frequent- faster.
large surface area.
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Catalysts....
increase the rate of chemical reaction without being used up or changed during the process.
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Different reactions need_____________
different catalysts.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is neutralisation?
Back
The reaction between an acid and an alkali that forms a neutral solution.
Card 3
Front
Hydrogen ions with acid react with ________ ions to make water.
Back
Card 4
Front
When an acid reacts with a metal carbonate, _____ is also produced.
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