The process of breaking down ionic compounds using electricity
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Electrolyte -
The compound being broken up
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Two Electrodes -
Anode - positive electrode / Cathode - negative electrode / Made of an unreactive or inert metal
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Movement of Ions -
Negative ions move to the Anode / Positive ions move to the Cathode
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Why does electrolysis only work with liquids -
Ionic compounds do not conduct electricity unless aqueous or molten / Electricity must be conducted for electrolysis to work / Covalent compounds cannot be electrolysed
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At the Cathode -
Reduction always occurs / Positive ions gain electrons to become neutral / Generally , metal ions form at the cathode
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At the Anode -
Oxidation always occurs / Negative ions lose electrons to become neutral / Generally , non metal ions form at the Anode
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What is a Binary Compound -
An ionic compound containing 2 elements which are ionic / It contains a positive metal ion and a negative non metal ion
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Half Equations -
Show the reaction at each electrode / E.G. Cathode = Pb2+ + 2e- --> Pb / E.G. Anode = 2Br- - 2e- --> Br2
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Using Aqueous Solutions (Water) -
Some ions have to be electrolised in water / Water can also form ions during electrolysis (Either H+ ions or OH- ions)
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Using an Aqueous solution - Cathode
There is a possibility of the formation of H+ ions / If the metal in the compound is less reactive than Hydrogen - it is produced at the Cathode / If the metal is more reactive than Hydrogen - Hydrogen is Produced
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Using an Aqueous solution - Anode
There is a possibility of the formation of OH- ions / If a Halide ion is present - The halide is produced at the Anode / If no halide ion is present - OH- ions are formed at the Anode
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
The compound being broken up
Back
Electrolyte -
Card 3
Front
Anode - positive electrode / Cathode - negative electrode / Made of an unreactive or inert metal
Back
Card 4
Front
Negative ions move to the Anode / Positive ions move to the Cathode
Back
Card 5
Front
Ionic compounds do not conduct electricity unless aqueous or molten / Electricity must be conducted for electrolysis to work / Covalent compounds cannot be electrolysed
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