C4c: The Periodic Table and Covalent Bonding

This item introduces covalent bonding. It also provides an introduction to the Periodic Table. This item provides the opportunity to develop and use scientific theories, models and ideas. 

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What are the two types of bonding?
Ionic and Covalent
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What does Ionic bonding occur between?
metals and non metals
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What does Covalent bonding occur between?
non metals
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Does carbon dioxide contact electricity?
No
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Does water conduct electricity?
No.
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What is a group? What do all these elements have?
All the elements in a vertical column of the periodic table and all have similar chemical properties.
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What is a period?
All the elements in a horizontal column of the periodic table
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What did an English Scientist, John Newlands, put forward?
his law of octaves in 1864. He arranged all the elements known at the time into a table in order of relative atomic mass. When he did this, he found that each element was similar to the element eight places further on.
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Describe a Russian chemist called Dmitri Mendeleev's Periodic Table.
He arranged the elements known at the time in order of relative atomic mass,but he realised physical&chemical properties of elements were related to their atomic mass&arranged them so groups with similar properties fell into vertical columns
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Describe a German scientist called Johann Döbereiner's Periodic table. (Relative atomic mass = RAM)
put forward his law of triads-group of 3 elements.appearance&reactions of them in a triad were similar.discovered that the relative atomic mass of the middle elment in each triad was close to the average of the RAM of the 2 other elements.
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What is covalent bonding?
When non metals combine together by sharing electrons
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What are carbon dioxide and water in terms of molecules and force?
Simple molecules, with weak intermolecular forces between molecules
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What boiling point to Carbon Dioxide and Water have? (low, medium, high)
Low
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What is the group number the same as?
The number of electrons in the outer shell of the element
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What is the period number the same as?
The number of shells the element has
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Why was Döbereiner's discovery about Relative Atomic Mass so important?
It gave other scientists a clue that relative atomic masses were important when arranging the elements.
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Why was Newland's table not accepted by other Scientists?
Newlands' table showed a repeating or periodic pattern of properties, but it had problems. For example, he put iron in the same group as oxygen and sulphur, which are two non-metals. As a result, his table was not accepted by other scientists.
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What 'problem' did Mendeleev come across?
Sometimes his method of arranging elements meant there were gaps in his horizontal rows or 'periods'.
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What did Mendeleev do about his 'problem'?
He worked out the atomic mass of the missing elements, and predicted their properties. And when they were discovered, Mendeleev turned out to be right.
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Why don't covalent compounds conduct electricity?
They have no free electrons and no ions.
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Are the covalent bonds binding atoms together strong or weak? What is the disadvantage of this?
ery strong but there are only very weak forces holding the molecules to each other (the intermolecular forces). Therefore, only a low temperature is needed to separate the molecules when they're melted or boiled.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What does Ionic bonding occur between?

Back

metals and non metals

Card 3

Front

What does Covalent bonding occur between?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Does carbon dioxide contact electricity?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Does water conduct electricity?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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