c4

Module c4 for post-2011 ocr 21st century science.

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  • Created by: AgnesC
  • Created on: 11-01-13 23:41
What charge do neutrons, protons and electrons have?
Neutrons have no charge, protons have a charge of +1 and electrons have a charge of -1.
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What does RAM stand for?
Relative Atomic Mass
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What RAM do neutrons, protons and electrons have?
Neutrons have a RAM of 1, protons also have a RAM of 1 and electrons have a RAM of 0.0005
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What charge do most atoms have?
None.
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Why do most atoms have no charge?
Most atoms have no charge because the number of protons and electrons are equal.
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Atoms of the same elements always have the xxxx number of protons; fill in the blank.
Same; atoms of the same elements always have the same number of protons.
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Why do elements have different properties?
Elements have different properties because they have different atomic structures.
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Atoms cannot be xxxxxxx or xxxxxxxxx; fill in the blanks.
Created or Destroyed; atoms cannot be created or destroyed.
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Name the four state symbols and their symbols.
Solid (s), Liquid (l), Gas (g) and Dissolved in Water (aq).
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True or false, some elements produce a distinctive colour when heated.
True, this is how fireworks are coloured.
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True or false, when the colour of an elements flame is viewed as a line spectrum they are all distinctive.
True, this is how helium was discovered.
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What causes different elements to release different line spectrums?
Different elements release different line spectrums because they have different electron arrangements.
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What is the practical technique use to produce line spectrums called?
The practical technique used to view line spectrums is called spectroscopy.
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Dobereiner put the list of elements (that had been discovered in the 1800s) in groups of what?
Dobereiner put the list of elements in groups of 3 which he call triads, like the victorian chinese mafia of science.
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Newland put the same list of elements into groups of how many and called them what?
Newland put the same list of elements in groups of 8 which he called octaves; this is generally considered to be the first good attempt at organizing the elements.,
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How do you spell the name of the russian man who, in 1869, arranged the table of elements with gaps for undiscovered elements.
Dmitri Mendeleev
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True or false, when the periodic table was first release most scientists thought it was a bit of fun.
True, when the periodic table was first released most scientists thought it was a bit of fun.
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Name the three peices of information you are given for each elemement on the periodic table.
The three peices of information you are given for each element on the periodic table are, firstly the name and/or symbol of the element, secondle the number of protons in the element and finally the RAM.
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How many electrons can there be (maximum) in the first four shells of an atom?
The first shell can have 2, the second 8, the third also 8 and the fourth again 2.
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What are ions?
When atoms (single or groups) lose or gain electrons they become ions.
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True or false, atoms seek to have there outer shell either totally empty or totally full.
True; atoms seek to have there outer shell either totally empty or totally full.
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Ions from group one have what charge?
Atoms in group one have 1 electron in their outer shell, when they lose it they have one proton more than electrons and so they have a charge of 1+, normally written +.
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An iron ion has a charge of 3+ and a sulfate ion has a charge of 2-, how many iron and sulfate ions are there in iron sulfate?
There are 2 iron ions to every 3 sulfate ions in iron sulfate.
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What is the charge of a lithium ion in LiBr if the charge on a bromine ion is 1-.
If the charge on a bromine ion is 1- then the charge on a lithium ion will also be 1-.
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Which group are the alkali metals?
The alkali metals are group 1.
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Name three alkali metals.
Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Caesium and Francium are all answers but you only need to know the first three.
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As you go up group one the alkali metals become more reactive, true or false?
False, as you go down the alkali metals they become more reactive.
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Which is denser, Lithium or Francium?
Francium and all of the lower alkali metals are denser because they have more mass.
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As you go down the alkali metals their boiling and melting points get lower, true or false?
True, As you go down the alkali metals their boiling and melting points get lower.
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How do you store alkali metals and why?
You store alkali metals in oil because they tarnish quickly in moist air.
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What happens when you drop an alkali metal in water?
When you drop an alkali metal in water they react vigorously by moving around the water and fizzing, they produce hydrogen and a hydroxide.
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What would happen if you rowed into the middle of a lake and dropped a big chunk of one of the lower alkali metals into the water?
You'd probably die.
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What happens when you react an alkali metal with a halogen?
A reaction between an alkali metal and a halogen forms a salt.
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What group are the halogens in?
The halogens are in group 7.
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Name four halogens.
Florine, Chlorine, bromine, iodine and astatine are all acceptable answers but you only need to know about the first four.
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Halogens are non-metals true or false?
True, halogens are all non-metals.
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Halogens are diatomic, what does this mean?
Halogens are called diatomic because their atoms move around in pairs like for example oxygen.
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As you go down the halogens they become less reactive, why is this?
As you go down the halogens they become less reactive because the outer electrons are further from the nucleus and so additional electrons are attracted less strongly.
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Which has a higher melting and boiling point, Fluorine or Iodine?
Iodine has a higher melting and boiling point as do all the lower halogens.
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Which two halogens are gases at room temperature?
Fluorine and Chlorine are gases at room temperature.
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What would a reacting between a halogen and iron form?
A reaction between a halogen and iron would form a coloured solid called an iron halides.
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Describe what happens in a displacement reaction.
A displacement reaction is where a more reactive element pushes out (displaces) a less reactive element from a compound. For example in a reaction between chlorine and potassium iodide the chlorine would displace the iodide and give iodide and KCl.
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Name six hazard symbols.
Oxidizing, Harmful, Highly Flammable, Explosive, Toxic and Corrosive.
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What should you always wear when handling alkali metals and why?
You should always wear gloved when handling alkali metals because the sweat on you skin could cause them to react.
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True or false the solution formed from a reaction between water and an alkali metal is harmless.
False the solution formed from a reaction between water and an alkali metal is corrosive and may cause blistering.
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True or false all group 7 elements are harmful.
True, all group seven elements are harmful.
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Which group 7 element is the most harmful and can it be used inside a lab?
Fluorine is the most harmful group seven elements, so much so that it cannot be used inside a lab.
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Where canhalogens be used safely?
Halogens can be used safely inside a fume cupboard.
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What does the nucleus of an atom contain?
The nucleus of an atom contains protons and neutrons.
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What is the RAM and charge of a neutron?
The RAM of a neutron is 1 and the charge is 0.
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Write the state symbols for each physical state.
Solid (s), liquid (l), gas (g), aqueous (aq).
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Why does each element produce a different line spectrum?
Each element produces a different line spectrum because each element has a different electron arrangement.
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What can line spectrums be used for?
Line spectrums can be used to identify elements.
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What size group did dobereiner put his elements into and what did he call them?
Dobereiner put the elements in groups of 3 and called them triads.
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Give two reasons why Newland's octaves were criticized.
Newland's octaves were critized because they mixed metals and non-metals and because there were no gaps for undiscovered elements.
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What feature of atoms determines the order of the periodic table?
The proton number of an atom determines the order of the periodic tale.
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What are the rows of the periodic table called?
The rows of the periodic table are called periods.
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How many electrons can the first shell of an atom hold?
The first shell of an atoms can hold 2 electrons.
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What is another name for the shells of electrons that surround an atom?
Another name for the shells of electrons that surround an atom is energy levels.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What does RAM stand for?

Back

Relative Atomic Mass

Card 3

Front

What RAM do neutrons, protons and electrons have?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What charge do most atoms have?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why do most atoms have no charge?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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