C4 1. Line spectrums can be used to identify different elements because..
different elements emit different wavelengths as electrons release light when heated
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C4 2. The periodic table is put in order of..
increasing proton number, metals & non-metals, and elements with similar qualities
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C4 3. Lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, ceasium and francium all have one..
one electron on their outer shell as they are all in group 1
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C4 4. Group 1 elements react vigorously with water (fizz & move around) potassium gets hot enough that it ignites, when the metals are dissolved..
it creates an alkali solution, a hydroxide of the metal gives off hydrogen gas (squeaky pop test)
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C4 5. Fluorine, chlorine, bromine & astatine all have 7..
7 electrons in their outer shell as they are in group 7
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C4 6. The halogens are all coloured..
Fluorine = yellow gas. Chlorine = dense green gas. Bromine = dense red/brown volatile liquid. Iodine = a grey solid with a purple vapour
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C4 7. The halogens react with metals to make..
salts called metal halides. Metal + halogen = metal halide.
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C4 8. Changing the number of protons..
changes the element.
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C4 9. Each shell fills rows in the periodic table. This is known as a..
period, and can have a maximum of 8 electrons
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C4 10.. Halogens are found as..
diatomic molecules, to fill their outer shells.
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C4 11. All atoms consist of 3 subatomic particles. The nucleus consists of..
Protons and neutrons with electrons in shells around the nucleus.
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C4 12. An atom becomes uncharged when..
It has the same amount of positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons
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C4 13. An electron shell is a region of space you can find electrons. Electrons in the same shell..
have the same energy, which suggests each shell is at a different energy level. Shells further away from the nucleus have higher energy.
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C4 14. The innermost shell can hold a maximum of..
2 electrons. Pattern is 2,8,8,2.
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C4 15. Sodium has 11 electrons so the electron arrangement is..
2,8,1
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C4 16. Group 1 elements lose 1 electron from the outer shell to form a 1+ ion. A group 2 element has to lose 2 electrons from its outer shell to form a 2+ ion. A group 6 element..
needs to lose 6 electrons from it's outer shell to form a 6+ ion.
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C4 17. Atoms gain and lose electrons to form a full outer shell. When atoms become ions..
They have the same electronic configuration as the nearest noble in the periodic table.
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C4 18. Compounds of metals with non-metals form salts. Salts are crystalline and shaped like cubes. Salts..
have higher or lower melting points than compounds like chlorine or bromine. Most salts are soluble in water.
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C4 19. Salts do not conduct electricity as a solid but do as a liquid or in aqueous solution. This is because..
ions are free to move once an electronic current has passed through.
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C4 20. Electrolysis is the process when an electric current..
can split a salt into it's elements. Eg; electrolysis of lead bromine will produce lead and bromine.
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C4 21. During electrolysis the negative electrode attracts the positive metal ions. The positive electrode attracts..
the negative non-metal ions. when the ions reach the electrodes turn back into ions.
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C4 22. The charges in the ionic compound should be neutral (the charges of the ions add up to 0) Eg; magnesium oxide consists of..
one Mg2+ ion and one O2- ion.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
C4 2. The periodic table is put in order of..
Back
increasing proton number, metals & non-metals, and elements with similar qualities
Card 3
Front
C4 3. Lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, ceasium and francium all have one..
Back
Card 4
Front
C4 4. Group 1 elements react vigorously with water (fizz & move around) potassium gets hot enough that it ignites, when the metals are dissolved..
Back
Card 5
Front
C4 5. Fluorine, chlorine, bromine & astatine all have 7..
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