C4 KeyWords

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Smallest part of an element that can take part in chemical reactions.
Atom
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Substance that consists only of atoms with the same atomic number.
Element
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Particles from which atoms are made, including protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Subatomic
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A minute portion of matter.
Particle
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Subatomic particle found outside the nucleus of an atom. It has a charge of -1 and a very small mass compared to protons and neutrons.
Electron
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Relatively heavy central part of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons.
Nucleus
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Subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It has a charge of +1 and a relative mass of 1.
Proton
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Subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It has no charge and a relative mass of 1.
Neutron
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Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Atomic Number
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Table in which the elements are arranged in rows (periods) and columns (groups) in order of their atomic number
Peroidic table
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Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Mass number
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Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei are called isotopes.
Isotope
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Letter or pair of letters used to represent on atom of an element, eg H represents one atom of hydrogen; Fe represents one atom of iron.
Chemical symbol
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Substance made up of two or more different elements, chemically combined.
Compound
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Region of space in an atom that can hold a number of electrons.
Shell
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Arrangement of the electrons in an atom in shells around the nucleus.
Electronic structure
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Atom, or group of atoms, that has gained or lost one or more electrons and so is electrically charged.
Ion
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Strong electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions. Ionic bons act in all directions.
Ionic bond
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Diagram that shows how the electrons are arranged in a molecule or in ions.
Dot and Cross Diagram
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Compound made up of ions.
Ionic Compound
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Regular, three-dimensional pattern of ions held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction.
Giant ionic lattice
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Horizontal row in the periodic table. The atomic number of each element increases by one, reading them left to right.
Period
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Vertical column in the periodic table. Elements in a group have similar chemical properties.
Group
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Compound in which the atoms are joined together in molecules by covalent bonds.
Covalent compound
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Shared pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule.
Covalent bond
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Particle made up of two or more atoms chemically bonded together.
Molecule
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Description of a compound of an element that uses symbols for atoms. It shows the relative number of atoms of each type in the substance.
Molecular formula
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Description of a covalently bonded compound or element that uses symbols for atoms and that also shows the covalent bonds between the atoms.
Displayed formula
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Molecule containing only a few atoms joined by covalent bonds.
Simple molecule
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Relatively weak force between a molecule and its neighbours.
Intermolecular force
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Group (vertical column) of elements on the left hand side of the perioidic table. An atom of each element hasone electron in its outer shell.
Group 1
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Having a pH greater than 7.
Alkaline
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Element in Group 1 of the periodic table (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, francium).
Alkali metal
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Means of identifying metals by observing the colour they produce in the flame of a Bunsen burner.
Flame test
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Group (vertical column) of elements on the right hand side of the periodic table. An atom of each element has seven electrons in its outer shell.
Group 7
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Element in Group 7 of the periodic table (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine).
Halogen
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Compound made up of metal and halogen.
Metal halide
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To replace (push out) an element in a compound.
Displace
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Reaction in which one element replaces another in a compound.
Displacement reaction
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Chemical reaction in which oxygen is removed from a compound, or an atom or ion gains electrons.
Reduction
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Element that occurs between Groups 2 and 3 in the periodic table.
Transition element
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Substance that speeds up a reaction without being used up in the reaction.
Catalyst
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Reaction in which a reactant is broken up into simpler products by the action of heat.
Thermal decompostition reaction
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Reaction in which a precipitate forms.
Precipitation reaction
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Suspension of small, solid particles, spread throughout a liquid or solution.
Precipitate
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Resistance of a material to beraking when stretched.
Tensile strength
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Force of attraction between positively charged metal ions and delocalised electrons in a metal.
Metallic bond
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Piece of material in which the atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in a regular three-dimensional pattern.
Crystal
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Measure of how difficult it is for an electric current to flow through a material.
Resistance
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Metal that has a very low (almost zero) electrical resistance.
Superconductor
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Layer of rock that stores a large quantity of water.
Aquifer
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Substance released into the environment which can cause harm to living things, including humans.
Pollutant
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Addition of chlorine to water to kill microbes.
Chlorination
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Process by which larger particles of solid in a liquid sink to the bottom over time.
Sedimentation
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Process by which smaller particles of solid are removed from a liquid by passing the liquid through a filter.
Filtration
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Process by which a liquid is purified by heating it to form a gas and then condensing a gas back to a liquid in a clean container.
Distillation
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Substance that consists only of atoms with the same atomic number.

Back

Element

Card 3

Front

Particles from which atoms are made, including protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

A minute portion of matter.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Subatomic particle found outside the nucleus of an atom. It has a charge of -1 and a very small mass compared to protons and neutrons.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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