C4 Key Terms

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  • Created by: SivaPriya
  • Created on: 23-11-16 21:31
Alkali Metal
Element in Group 1 of the Periodic Table (Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Caesium, Francium)
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Alkaline
Having a pH greater than 7
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Aquifer
Layer of Rock that stores a large quantity of water
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Atom
Smallest part of an element that can take part in Chemical reaction.
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Atomic Number
Number of Protons in the nucleus of an atom
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Catalyst
Substance that speeds up a reaction without being used up in the reaction
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Chemical Symbol
Letter or pair of letters used to represent one atom of an element, e.g. H represents one atom of Hydrogen; Fe represents one atom of iron
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Chlorination
Addition of chlorine to water to kill microbes
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Compound
Substance made up of two or more different elements, chemically combined
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Covalent Bond
Shared pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule
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Covalent Compound
Compound in which the atoms are joined together in molecules by covalent bonds
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Crystal
Piece of Material in which the atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in a regular three dimensional
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Displace
To replace (push out) an element in a compound
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Displacement Reaction
Reaction in which one element replaces another in a compound
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Displayed Formula
Description of a covalently bonded compound or element that uses symbols for atoms and that also shows the covalent bonds between the atoms.
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Distillation
Process by which a liquid is purified by heating it to form a gas and then condensing
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Dot and Cross Diagram
Diagram that shows how the electrons are arranged in a molecule or in ions
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Electron
Subatomic particle found outside the nucleus of an atom. It has a charge -1 and a very small mass compared to Protons and Neutron
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Electronic Strucutre
Arrangement of the electrons in an atom in shells around the nucleus
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Element
Substance that consists only of atoms with the same atomic number
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Filtration
Process by which smaller particles of solid are removed from a liquid by passing the liquid through a filter
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Flame Test
Means of identifying metals by observing the colors they produce in the flame of a Bunsen Burner
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Giant Ionic Lattice
Regular, three dimensional pattern of ions held together by strong electrostatic forces of attraction
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Group
Vertical column in the periodic table. Elements in a group have similar chemical properties
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Group 1
Group (vertical column) of elements on the left hand of the periodic table. an atom of each element has one electron in its outer shell.
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Group 7
Group (vertical column) of elements on the right hand side of the periodic table. An atom of each element has seven elements in its outer shell
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Halogen
Element in group seven of the periodic table (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Astatine)
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Intermolecular Forces
Relatively weak force between a molecule and its neighbours
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Ion
Atom or group of atoms that has gained or lost one or more electrons and so is electrically charged
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Ionic Bond
Strong electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions. Ionic bonds act in all direction
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Ionic compound
Compound made up of ions
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Isotope
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons in their nulcei
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Mass number
Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
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Metal halid
Compound made up of a metal and a halogen
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Metallic Bond
Force of attraction between positively charged metal ions and delocalized electrons in a metal
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Molecular formula
Description of a compound or an element that uses symbols for atoms. It shows the relative number of atoms of each type in the substance
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Molecule
Particle made up of two or more atoms chemically bonded together
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Neutron
Subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It has no charge and a relative mass of 1
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Nucleus
Relatively heavy central part of an atom, made up of Protons and Neutrons
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Period
Horizontal row in the periodic table. The atomic number of each element increases by one, reading from left to right
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Periodic Table
Table in which the elements are arranged in rows (periods) and columns (groups) in order of their atomic number
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Pollutant
Substance released into the environment that can cause harm to living things, including humans
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Precipitate
Suspension of small, solid particles, spread throughout a liquid or solution
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Precipitation Reaction
Reaction in which a precipitate forms
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Proton
Subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. It has charged of +1 and a relative mass of 1
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Reduction
Chemical reaction in which oxygen is removed from a compound, or an atom or ion gains electrons
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Resistance
Measured of how difficult it is for an electric current to flow through a material
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Sedimentation
Process by which larger particles of solid in a liquid sink to the bottom over time
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Shell
Region of space in an atom that can hold a number of electrons
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Simple molecule
Molecule containing only a few atoms joined by covalent bonds
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Subatomic paricle
Particles from which atoms are made, including Protons, Neutrons and Electrons
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Superconductor
Metal that has a very low (almost zero) electric resistance
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Tensile strength
Resistance of a material to breaking when stretched
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Thermal Decomposition Reaction
Reaction in which a reactant is broken up into simpler products by the action of heat
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Transition Element
Element that occurs between Group 2 and 3 in the periodic table
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Having a pH greater than 7

Back

Alkaline

Card 3

Front

Layer of Rock that stores a large quantity of water

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Smallest part of an element that can take part in Chemical reaction.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Number of Protons in the nucleus of an atom

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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