C4

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  • Created by: hols_
  • Created on: 06-10-15 18:01
An atom has a?
Central nucleus surrounded by shells of negatively charged electrons.
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The nucleus is made up of...
Protons and neutrons. The nucleus is positively charged but the atom has no overall charge.
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Why does an atom have no overall charge?
Because it has the same number of protons and electrons. So the charge cancel each other out.
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An element is made of...
One type of atom. Elements cannot be chemically broken down. There are just over 100 naturally occurring elements.
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A compound is a substance made of...
Two or more elements that are chemically combined. You can identify the elements in a compound from its formula, using the periodic table.
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The mass number is?
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
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The atomic number is?
The number of protons in an atom.
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Isotopes are?
Atoms of the same element that have the same atomic number but a different mass number.
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Electron configuration tells you?
How the electrons are arranged around the nucleus in shells (energy levels).
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How much can each shell hold?
A maximum of two electrons on the first, and on the second a maximum of eight electrons.
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An ion is?
A charged atom or a group of atoms.
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A positive ion is made when...
An atom, or group of atoms loses one or more electrons.
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A negative ion is made when...
An atom, or group of atoms gains one or more electrons.
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In ionic bonding...
The metal atom loses all all outer-shell electrons to become a positive ion, the non-metal atom gains electrons to fill its outer shell and become a negative ion, the positive & negative ions are attracted to each other. The attraction is an ionic bond.
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Sodium chloride & magnesium oxide from giant ionic lattices where positive & negative ions are strongly attracted to each other, this means that they...
Have high melting points as there is a strong attraction between oppositely charged ions, can conduct electricity when molten or in solution because the charged ions are free to move, do not conduct electricity when solid, because the ions can't move
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What happens when a non-metal and a metal combine?
Electrons are transferred from one atom to the other forming ions. Each ion will have a complete outer shell, (a stable octet).
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Ions with different charges combine to form?
Ionic compounds which have equal amounts of positive and negative charge.
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A vertical column of elements in the periodic table is called a?
Group.
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Elements in the same group...
Have similar chemical properties because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell. This outer number of electrons is the same as their group number.
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A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table is called a?
Period.
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There are 3 types of bonding...
Ionic bonding between metals and non-metals, covalent bonding between non-metals, metallic bonding for metals only.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The nucleus is made up of...

Back

Protons and neutrons. The nucleus is positively charged but the atom has no overall charge.

Card 3

Front

Why does an atom have no overall charge?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

An element is made of...

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

A compound is a substance made of...

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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