C3 Analysis and Synthesis

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  • Created by: KAustria
  • Created on: 08-05-14 23:05
When an alkaline and an acid react together, what are the products formed and what type of reaction is it?
Salt and Water. Neutralisation
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What is a titration?
An experiment used yo measure of the volumes of acid and alkaline needed to neutralise completely
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List the equipment needed to carry out a titrations experiment and explain their uses.
1. Pipette - Measure accurately the volume of acid or alkaline 2. Burette - filled with the dependent variable 3. Colonical flask 4. White tile 5. Indicator - phenolphthalein
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To what amount should the dependent variable in the burette be filled up to?
Eye level/ menicus
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Why should a tirations experiment be repeated several times?
To improve the reliability of the results.
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What is the equation to work out mols?
Mols = Conc x Vol
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When doing a titrations calculation, what should you always do the concentration and volume?
Divide by 1000 if not done so already
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When is it necessary to use quantitative analysis?
When we know how much of a quantity or a substance is in a sample
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For a reversible reaction in a closed system, equilibrium is reached when..?
the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.
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In equilibrium what happens to the rate of the reaction and the amount of reactants and products?
Reactions remain constant . Reactants and products remain constant.
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If the concentration of a reactant increases what happens to the amount of products made?
More products are formed because the system is trying to achieve equilibrium.
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If a product was removed, what would happen to the reactants and the amount of product?
More reactants will try to reach equilibrium and so more products will be made.
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What happens when we change the conditions of a system of equilibrium?
The position of equilibrium shifts as if to try to cancel out the change.
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Changing pressure in an reversible reaction will effect the equilibrium how?
Reversible reactions with different numbers of molecules of gases on one side of the equation than the other, changing the pressure will effect the position of equilibrium.
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If the forward reaction produces more molecules of gas, how would a change in pressure effect the amount of products formed?
1. An increase in pressure will decrease the amount of products formed 2. A decrease in pressure will increase the amount of products formed.
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If the forward reaction produces fewer molecules of gas, how would a change in pressure effect the amount of products formed?
1. An increase in pressure will increase the amount of products formed. 2. A decrease in pressure will decrease the amount of products formed.
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In a reversible reaction, if one direction of a reaction is exothermic, what is the reaction in the other direction?
Endothermic
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If you increase the temperature in a reversible reaction, what reaction does this favour?
Endothermic
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What happens to the position of equilibrium when if the temperature is increased?
Equilibrium shifts as if to lower the temperature by taking in energy
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If you decrease the temperature, what reaction does this favour?
Exothermic
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IF the forward reaction is exothermic, how would a change in temperature effect the amounts of products formed?
1. An increase in temperature will decrease the amount of products formed 2. A decrease in temperature will increase the amount of products formed.
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If the forward reaction is endothermic, how would a change in temperature effect the amount of products formed?
1. An increase in temperature will increase the amount of products formed. 2. A decrease in temperature will decrease the amount of product formed.
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What is the use of the haber process?
To manufacture ammonia, which is then used in fertilisers and other chemicals
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Describe the haber process
1. Nitrogen from air, hydrogen from natural gases 2. Gases are passed over an iron catalyst at 450° and pressure of 200 atmospheres 3. Yield of ammonia is about 15% 4. Condensation 5. liquid ammonia separated 6. unreacted gases recycled
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What is the equation for the reversible reaction of ammonia?
N 2 (g) + 3H2(g) -->
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Wh if the yield of the ammonia only 15%
Some of the ammonia produced breaks down into nitrogen and hydrogen.
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What is done in the haber process to conserve raw materials?
Unreacted gases are recycled
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In the reversible reaction for ammonia, what side of the equation has more molecules of gas?
The reactants
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For the production of ammonia how would an increase in pressure effect the amount of products made?
It would increase the amount of products made
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Why isn't ammonia created in very high pressures?
Higher pressures need stronger reaction vessels and pipes which increases costs
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What is the forward reaction in the production of ammonia?
Exothermic
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How would the decrease in temperature effect the amount of ammonia made?
It would increase the amount of products made because the forward reaction is exothermic.
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Why isn't ammonia created in very low temperatures?
The rate of reaction would be very low and the iron catalyst would be ineffective so it would take longer to produce any ammonia.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a titration?

Back

An experiment used yo measure of the volumes of acid and alkaline needed to neutralise completely

Card 3

Front

List the equipment needed to carry out a titrations experiment and explain their uses.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

To what amount should the dependent variable in the burette be filled up to?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Why should a tirations experiment be repeated several times?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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