C3 Reversible Reactions and Haber Process

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what is a reversible reaction
where the products of the reaction react to turn back into the reactants
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whats an equilibrium
when the rate at which products tun into reactants and the reverse reaction are at an equal rate
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how do you get an equilibrium
in a closed system... where the products and reactants cannot escape the system
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how can you alter the position of equilibrium
change temperature and pressure
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in temperature: if it is raised or lowered which side will it favour
raised favours endothermic, lowered favours exothermic... due to the energy it can absorb or release
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in pressure: if it is raised or lowered which side will it favour
raised the side that has the least number of molecules, lowered the side with the most number of molecules
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what do catalysts do
reduce the time it takes to reach equilibrium but does not change position of it
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why dont they change the position of equilibrium
speeds the reaction in both directions
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what is ammonia used for
fertiliser
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what are the 2 things needed for ammonia
hydrogen and nitrogen
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what is the equation
N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3 and heat
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how is the nitrogen obtained
distillation of air
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how is the hydrogen obtained
electrolysis of water
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what are the 3 industrial conditions
200 atmospheric pressure, 450 degree celsius, iron catalyst present
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why is the temperature 450 degrees even though it lowers the yield
compromise between the rate of reaction and yield
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why is the pressure 200 when it works better at a higher pressure
would be more expensive
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why are iron catalysts used
reach equilibrium faster
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how is the ammonia removed
cooled as it has a lower boiling point than H2 and N2 so it condenses
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what happens to unreacted H3 and N2 and why
sent to the top of the column to go through it again to save money and increase efficiency
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

whats an equilibrium

Back

when the rate at which products tun into reactants and the reverse reaction are at an equal rate

Card 3

Front

how do you get an equilibrium

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

how can you alter the position of equilibrium

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

in temperature: if it is raised or lowered which side will it favour

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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