C3
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- Created by: sotes003.302
- Created on: 10-03-19 17:36
Solids -
Fixed shape / cannot be compressed / fixed arrangement / particles are touching / no movement of particles , only vibrations
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Liquids -
Fit shape of container / occupy more space than solids / particles are free to move / movement is random
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Gases -
No fixed shape or volume / easily compressed / large space between particles / move at high speeds / random arrangement
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Chemicals changing states - energy
Energy used to change temp until at a boiling / melting point where temp stops rising and is used to break chemical bonds
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Noble gases -
Group 0 / unreactive
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Ionic Bonding -
Metal + non metal / Involves losing and gaining electrons / metal = +ion non metal = -ion / opposite charges of ions lead to attraction to cause no overall charge
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Covalent Bonding -
Non metals / Sharing pairs of electrons
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Ionic compounds - Properties
Strong forces of attraction between ions / forms lattice structure / require a lot of energy to break bonds / most dissolve in water / conduct electricity in aqueous or molten state
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Simple Covalent compounds - Properties
Strong forces of attraction between atoms / weak forces of attraction between molecules / only non metals
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Giant Covalent structures -
High MP/BP / insoluble in water / hard / not conductors / covalent bonds form huge structures
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Graphite -
3 Carbon bonds / one valence electron - can conduct electricity / weak forces between layers cause them to slide over each other / used as a lubricant
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Diamond -
Cannot conduct electricity / 4 carbon bonds / no valence electrons / Very strong bonds
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Larger molecule = ...
... higher MP/BP
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Fullerines -
Hollow carbon structures / form cylinders, tubes of spheres / High tensile strength / high thermal conductivity
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Fullerines - uses
Drug delivery / catalysts / circuit boards / computer chips / single layers = graphene
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Metallic bonding -
Each metal atom surrounded by delocalised electrons / electrons move making metals good conductors
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Giant metallic structures -
Can be bent and shaped / alloys have irregular atom arrangements / ductile / malleable / conductors
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Nanoparticles -
Good SA : V ratio / very reactive
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Nanoparticles - Uses
Can be used on windows to break down dirt / UV protection in suncream / cosmetics for better absorbtion / nanowires / kill microorganisms
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Nanoparticles - Risks
High reactivity can be dangerous / Could affect cells / negative environmental effects
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Nanoparticles - Risks
High reactivity can be dangerous / Could affect cells / negative environmental effects
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Fit shape of container / occupy more space than solids / particles are free to move / movement is random
Back
Liquids -
Card 3
Front
No fixed shape or volume / easily compressed / large space between particles / move at high speeds / random arrangement
Back
Card 4
Front
Energy used to change temp until at a boiling / melting point where temp stops rising and is used to break chemical bonds
Back
Card 5
Front
Group 0 / unreactive
Back
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