What are important properties to look at when choosing the best material for a product?
Melting point, Strength in tension, Strength in compression, Stiffness, Hardness and Density.
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What is crude oil mainly a mixture of?
Hydrocarbons.
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How do we seperate crude oil?
By fractional distillation.
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How does fractional distillation work?
Crude oil is heated in a furnace. Its compounds evaporate and become gases. The gases enter the tower and as they move up, they cool down. Different fractions condense at different levels.
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At what part of the tower do small molecules condense at and why?
Small molecules have low boiling points so these molecules rise to the top of the tower.
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At what part of the tower do big molecules condense at and why?
Big molecules have higher boiling points and they condense at the bottom of the tower.
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What are polymers and how are they formed? (polymerisation)
Polymers are very long molecules that are formed when many monomers (small molecules) join together.
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What are the properties of polymers with long molecules?
Long molecules are stronger since they are tangled and difficult to seperate. Longer molecules also melt at higher temperatures since there are strong forces between long polythene molecules.
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How does making chains longer change the property of a polymer?
It makes it stronger.
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How does adding cross-links change the property of a polymer?
It makes it harder, stronger and less flexible.
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How does adding plasticisers change the property of a polymer?
It makes it softer and more flexible.
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How does increasing crystallinity by lining up polymer molecules change the property of a polymer
It makes it stronger and denser.
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What are benefits and disadvantages of nanoparticles?
Benefits => silver nanoparticles have antibacterial properties. Disadvantage => may have harmful effects on health.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are important properties to look at when choosing the best material for a product?
Back
Melting point, Strength in tension, Strength in compression, Stiffness, Hardness and Density.
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